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Beyond the NBA Dispute: Five principles from the Court of Appeal’s electronic voting judgment

As the Nigerian Bar Association grapples with fresh controversy over its just-concluded electronic election, an earlier Court of Appeal decision has acquired renewed significance. Although the case arose from a different dispute, the judgment offers one of the clearest judicial roadmaps yet on how transparency, accountability and ballot secrecy should coexist in the age of digital elections.

By Lillian Okenwa

The debate over the Nigerian Bar Association’s electronic voting system did not end when the final votes were counted.

If anything, it has entered a more consequential phase.

In the days following the declaration of the results, lawyers across the country have questioned different aspects of the electoral process, from voter authentication and system integrity to cybersecurity, access to election materials and the level of transparency that should accompany electronic voting. While the Electoral Committee of the NBA (ECNBA) has defended the credibility of the exercise, the conversation has evolved beyond individual candidates to broader questions about how confidence in digital elections is built and sustained.

Those questions make a Court of Appeal judgment delivered before the latest election especially instructive.

Although the appeal originated in a dispute over access to materials generated during an earlier NBA electronic election, the significance of the decision lies far beyond the parties who appeared before the court. Read as a whole, the judgment examines the competing legal interests that inevitably arise whenever elections move from paper ballots to digital platforms. It neither places electronic voting beyond scrutiny nor endorses unrestricted access to every piece of information generated by an electoral system. Instead, the court charts a careful course between openness, privacy and institutional integrity.

Read Also: Court of Appeal defines the boundaries of transparency in NBA electronic elections

That balancing exercise may prove to be the judgment’s most enduring contribution.

Where Transparency Meets Confidentiality

Few principles command wider acceptance in democratic governance than transparency. Members of professional bodies are entitled to confidence that elections have been conducted fairly and that established rules have been observed. Yet the Court of Appeal makes it equally clear that transparency is not an unlimited concept.

Electronic elections generate extensive digital records, including authentication data, audit trails, system logs and encrypted voting information. While some of these materials may become relevant where disputes arise, the judgment recognises that not every digital record automatically becomes available simply because an election has concluded. The obligation to maintain confidence in the electoral process must be balanced against equally important duties to protect confidential information and preserve the integrity of the system itself.

The decision therefore rejects the notion that openness and confidentiality are mutually exclusive. In the digital environment, both are essential components of a credible electoral process.

Ballot Secrecy Remains a Constitutional Value

The judgment also underscores an important point that is sometimes overlooked in discussions about technology.

Electronic voting changes the mechanics of casting and counting ballots; it does not diminish the legal protection afforded to the secrecy of individual votes.

That safeguard has long been recognised as one of the foundations of democratic participation. The Court’s reasoning suggests that any request for wider access to election records must always be considered alongside the continuing obligation to ensure that no voter can be identified through information disclosed after an election.

As professional bodies increasingly adopt digital platforms, preserving that balance will become more—not less—important.

Proof Still Determines the Outcome

The judgment also serves as a reminder that election disputes, whether conducted on paper or through sophisticated electronic systems, remain subject to the same fundamental rules of evidence.

Allegations, however strongly expressed, do not establish irregularities. Courts require properly pleaded facts supported by admissible evidence capable of demonstrating not only that a breach occurred but that it affected the integrity of the election. The transition to electronic voting has not altered that principle. If anything, digital systems demand an even greater reliance on forensic evidence, expert analysis and verifiable records.

That aspect of the decision is likely to shape future litigation involving electronic elections well beyond the NBA.

The Rules Cannot Be Rewritten After Voting

Another thread running through the judgment reflects a principle deeply rooted in electoral jurisprudence.

Courts are generally reluctant to reconstruct election rules after voting has taken place. Electoral frameworks are expected to be known in advance so that every participant competes under the same conditions. Once polling has concluded, judicial intervention is ordinarily directed towards determining whether those rules were followed rather than replacing them with new standards.

For organisations embracing electronic voting, the implication is straightforward. The credibility of an election depends as much on the clarity and robustness of its governing framework before polling begins as on the technology deployed on election day itself.

The Questions That Remain

While the Court of Appeal resolved the legal issues placed before it, the judgment inevitably leaves broader governance questions for the NBA itself.

Should independent technology audits become a permanent feature of future elections?

Would externally verified cybersecurity assessments strengthen confidence among members?

Should post-election technical reports become standard practice without compromising ballot secrecy or system security?

Could clearer protocols for handling complaints reduce post-election disputes?

These are matters of institutional policy rather than judicial determination, but they have assumed greater prominence following the latest election. They are likely to feature prominently in future conversations about electoral reform within the Association.

A Judgment with Wider Consequences

The importance of the Court of Appeal’s decision extends well beyond one professional body.

Across Nigeria, universities, trade unions, professional associations and civil society organisations are increasingly embracing electronic voting as a practical response to the demands of larger memberships and geographically dispersed electorates. Each will eventually confront the same questions that arose in the NBA litigation: how to reconcile transparency with confidentiality, openness with cybersecurity, and public accountability with the protection of the secret ballot.

The Court has not offered a universal blueprint for electronic elections, nor was it asked to do so. What it has done is identify legal principles that are likely to guide future disputes as digital voting becomes more common across institutional life.

For that reason, the judgment deserves to be read as more than the resolution of a single appeal. It is an important contribution to Nigeria’s evolving jurisprudence on electronic governance and electoral accountability.

The controversy surrounding the NBA’s latest election will eventually subside, as most election disputes do. The legal principles articulated by the Court of Appeal, however, are likely to remain part of the conversation long after the present disagreements have passed, informing not only how future disputes are resolved but also how stronger and more trusted electronic electoral systems are designed in the years ahead.

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Truth Or Dare: The Bishops, the president and the burden of truth

 By Olufunke Baruwa

There is an old African saying that a king who surrounds himself only with praise singers soon mistakes applause for progress. Every leader, however powerful, needs people who are willing to speak uncomfortable truths not because they dislike him, but because they care about the nation he leads.

That is why the recent visit of the leadership of the Catholic Church to President Bola Ahmed Tinubu was significant because it brought together one of Nigeria’s most influential religious bodies, which chose to use the opportunity to present an honest assessment of the country’s condition. The Bishops spoke about insecurity, economic hardship, rising poverty, unemployment and the growing frustration among ordinary Nigerians. They urged the government to respond more decisively to the challenges confronting citizens.

Their intervention was neither a political rally nor an opposition press conference. It was a candid conversation between moral leaders and the country’s elected President. They echoed concerns that millions of Nigerians express daily in markets, churches, mosques, offices and homes.

Yet what followed was sadly predictable. Instead of engaging the substance of their message, some of the President’s supporters turned on the messengers. His Eminence, John Cardinal Onaiyekan, one of Nigeria’s most respected clerics and public intellectuals, became a particular target. Social media was awash with accusations that he was partisan, anti-government or motivated by politics rather than patriotism.

That reaction says far more about the state of our political culture than it does about the Cardinal. It also raises a far more important question: in a democracy, who should tell the President the truth if respected religious leaders, elder statesmen and independent voices are discouraged from doing so?

The Patriotic Duty of Honest Counsel

A good number of Nigeria’s religious leaders have never existed merely to conduct worship services. Throughout our history, they have served as the nation’s moral conscience.

During military rule, many stood courageously against dictatorship, arbitrary detention, injustice and the abuse of power. They defended democratic freedoms when many others remained silent. Their interventions were not always welcomed by those in authority, but history has largely vindicated them. The same principle applies today.

When religious leaders speak about hunger, insecurity or the suffering of ordinary Nigerians, they are not contesting elections, lobbying for appointments or starting abstract policy debates. They are reflecting the lived experiences of millions of worshippers, stories of families unable to feed themselves, parents struggling to pay school fees, workers whose salaries have been overtaken by inflation, young graduates searching endlessly for jobs and communities living under the constant fear of kidnapping and violence.

The Catholic Church has long contributed to nation-building through its schools, hospitals, humanitarian work and advocacy for justice. Successive Catholic bishops have criticised military regimes and civilian administrations alike whenever they believed national values were being undermined. Cardinal Onaiyekan’s record reflects that same consistency. He has spoken against corruption, insecurity, electoral malpractice and poor governance under different governments and political parties.

One may disagree with his conclusions. That is legitimate. What is neither legitimate nor helpful is attempting to delegitimise him simply because his assessment is uncomfortable.

Constructive criticism should never be mistaken for hostility. Democracies thrive when religious institutions, civil society organisations, labour unions, professional associations, traditional rulers, academics and the media are free to speak honestly without being branded enemies of government.

Indeed, leaders often benefit more from sincere critics than enthusiastic supporters. Praise tells a leader what he wants to hear. Honest criticism tells him what he needs to know.

When Truth Becomes Treason

Perhaps the most worrying aspect of the reaction to the bishops’ visit is not disagreement itself but the growing tendency to delegitimise anyone who expresses concern about the country’s direction.

Increasingly, public discourse appears divided into two camps: those who defend government unconditionally and those portrayed as enemies simply for asking difficult questions. That is neither healthy nor sustainable.

A democratically elected President governs both those who voted for him and those who did not. His supporters have every right to defend his policies. Equally, critics have the constitutional right to question those policies. Democracy requires both voices.

Unfortunately, our politics increasingly rewards loyalty over honesty. Public officials become reluctant to acknowledge policy shortcomings for fear of appearing disloyal, while political supporters sometimes interpret every criticism as a personal attack on the President rather than an invitation to improve governance. The result is an echo chamber where truth becomes politically inconvenient. Once leaders hear only applause, they gradually lose touch with the lived experiences of ordinary citizens.

The questions raised by the bishops therefore deserve thoughtful answers rather than personal attacks. Has insecurity ceased to threaten communities across Nigeria? Are food prices no longer crushing household budgets? Has youth unemployment suddenly disappeared? Can we honestly say that millions of Nigerians are not struggling under the weight of economic reforms?

If these concerns remain real and they clearly do, then those who raise them should not be dismissed simply because their message is uncomfortable.

Listening Is Leadership

One of the most underrated qualities of effective leadership is the willingness to listen. Listening is not weakness. It is confidence. A confident leader understands that criticism is not always opposition. Sometimes it is valuable feedback.

President Tinubu has demonstrated remarkable political resilience throughout his career. Those who have followed his journey know he has endured intense criticism and difficult political battles over several decades. That same resilience should encourage an openness to differing perspectives.

The Catholic Bishops did not organise a protest outside the Presidential Villa. They accepted an invitation, met respectfully with the President and conveyed their concerns directly. That is precisely how democratic engagement should work.

Whether one agrees with every point they raised is beside the point. The more important issue is preserving the civic space for respected national voices to speak honestly without attracting organised campaigns of vilification.

A Democracy Needs More Conversations, Not Fewer

Nigeria’s challenges are too complex for government alone to solve. Economic recovery, security, constitutional reform, youth employment and national cohesion all require the contributions of citizens and institutions beyond the corridors of power. Government should therefore welcome credible external feedback, not fear it.

Religious institutions, civil society organisations, academia, traditional institutions, the private sector and the media all possess valuable insights drawn from daily engagement with Nigerians. Their observations should be regarded as national assets rather than political irritants because democracies grow stronger when difficult conversations occur respectfully instead of being suppressed.

The measure of a mature democracy is not the absence of criticism. It is the ability to receive criticism without descending into hostility.

Ultimately, President Tinubu will not be judged by how vigorously his supporters defended him online or how effectively his critics challenged him. He will be judged by whether Nigerians became safer, more prosperous and more hopeful during his presidency. Those outcomes cannot be achieved by silencing independent voices. They require listening, reflection and the humility to acknowledge that no government has a monopoly of wisdom.

The Catholic bishops have discharged what they believe to be their moral responsibility. Government must continue to discharge its constitutional responsibility. And the rest of us must defend something even more important than any individual politician or cleric: the democratic space where citizens can still speak truth to power without being treated as enemies of the state.

The views expressed by contributors are strictly personal and not of Law & Society Magazine.

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30 years after defying Abacha, Emmanuel Ogebe challenges Tinubu over $4.5bn oil deal, governance

Rights lawyer urges President to halt fresh crude-backed borrowing, questions NNPC refinancing plan, calls for northern Christian vice-presidential candidate ahead of 2027.

Thirty years after writing an open letter that led to his detention under the military regime of the late General Sani Abacha, Nigerian lawyer and international human rights advocate Emmanuel Ogebe has returned with another pointed message to the nation’s leader—this time challenging President Bola Ahmed Tinubu over governance, public borrowing, insecurity and what he describes as the continued marginalisation of northern Christians.

In the second instalment of an open letter released to mark the 30th anniversary of his 1996 incarceration, Ogebe urged President Tinubu to halt the proposed Project Gazelle 2, a planned $4.5 billion crude-backed financing arrangement, arguing that key questions surrounding the earlier $3.3 billion Project Gazelle facility remain unanswered.

The Washington-based lawyer questioned the rationale for securing another multibillion-dollar facility against Nigeria’s future crude oil production when, according to his calculations, repayments from oil deliveries under the first transaction should already have extinguished the original debt.

“Project Gazelle 1 debt should have already been paid off,” Ogebe argued, contending that Nigeria ought to have accumulated a surplus rather than seek additional borrowing.

His letter comes days after the National Economic Council (NEC) approved the refinancing of the existing facility through a new $4.5 billion Project Gazelle 2 arrangement. According to the Federal Government, the refinancing is expected to reduce the volume of crude pledged under the agreement while unlocking additional liquidity to support fiscal priorities and strengthen external reserves.

Ogebe, however, questioned what specific projects would be financed through the new facility, arguing that official references to “liquidity” and “support for fiscal priorities” lacked sufficient public detail.

He also challenged the legal basis of the approval, contending that the National Economic Council lacked constitutional authority to commit Nigeria’s future oil production without the involvement of the Federal Executive Council or legislative approval.

Calls for Greater Transparency

The lawyer further criticised the financial management of the Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited (NNPCL), citing previous reports on the corporation’s administrative expenditure and borrowing profile.

He argued that greater public accountability should precede any fresh crude-backed borrowing and called on the Federal Government to suspend the refinancing arrangement pending a fuller explanation of how proceeds from the earlier facility were utilised.

Among the alternatives proposed, Ogebe suggested that Nigeria could explore mechanisms allowing citizens to participate directly in investment linked to the country’s petroleum assets rather than relying exclusively on external lenders.

Shettima, Security and 2027 Politics

Beyond economic issues, Ogebe revisited the political debate surrounding the Muslim-Muslim presidential ticket, urging President Tinubu to consider choosing a northern Christian as his running mate if he seeks re-election.

He criticised the continued retention of Vice President Kashim Shettima, arguing that it deepened feelings of exclusion among many northern Christians.

The lawyer also revisited the 2014 Chibok schoolgirls’ abduction, questioning decisions taken while Shettima served as Governor of Borno State. He linked his criticism to longstanding concerns over insecurity and called for stronger accountability in Nigeria’s response to terrorism.

Ogebe welcomed the recent convictions secured in connection with school abductions in the South-West but questioned what he described as disparities in the treatment of terrorism-related offences compared with other criminal cases. He also renewed his opposition to programmes involving the deradicalisation and reintegration of former insurgents, arguing that such initiatives should be discontinued.

‘Ghost Government’

Another section of the letter focused on governance and public administration.

Referring to recent controversies surrounding an alleged non-existent government agency that reportedly received budgetary allocations, Ogebe described the development as evidence of serious institutional failure.

He argued that the existence of what he called a “ghost agency” within government structures raised broader questions about public sector oversight, due diligence and accountability.

A Letter Framed by History

Ogebe’s latest intervention carries personal significance.

He noted that the letter coincides with the 30th anniversary of the open letter he addressed to General Abacha in 1996, an action that led to his detention for about two months during military rule.

Drawing parallels between that period and current national debates, he urged President Tinubu to pursue reforms that would strengthen transparency, improve security and promote greater inclusion across religious and regional lines.

While acknowledging what he described as progress in areas such as increased oil production and the recent approval of oil exploration in Benue State, Ogebe maintained that the administration now had an opportunity to leave a lasting legacy through stronger accountability, constitutional governance and more inclusive political leadership.

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THE LAST HIGH (Final Part) | Beyond Arrests and Seizures: Can Nigeria rescue a generation before addiction wins?

Photo Credit: Dankolo Shehu Mohammed

By Lillian Okenwa

Nigeria has shown it can intercept tonnes of illicit drugs and dismantle trafficking networks. The harder task is ensuring fewer young Nigerians ever need those drugs in the first place.

For years, Nigeria’s campaign against illicit drugs has been measured largely in kilograms seized, syndicates dismantled and convictions secured. Every few weeks, the National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA) announces another major breakthrough—cocaine intercepted at international airports, methamphetamine laboratories uncovered, cannabis plantations destroyed, or sophisticated trafficking networks broken after painstaking intelligence operations.

Each seizure represents lives potentially saved. Every successful prosecution disrupts criminal enterprises that profit from addiction and despair. Those victories matter.

No fair assessment of Nigeria’s anti-drug campaign can ignore how significantly the country’s response has evolved under the leadership of Brigadier General Mohamed Buba Marwa (Rtd.). Since assuming office, the former military administrator has overseen one of the most extensive institutional reforms in the agency’s history. Intelligence gathering has become more sophisticated, international cooperation has expanded, operational capacity has improved, and drug trafficking syndicates that once appeared untouchable have increasingly found themselves under sustained pressure.

Read Also: From a Saudi Prince to Nigerian Streets: Why addiction is consuming rich and poor alike

Read Also: Nigeria’s Drug War Has Two Fronts—Stopping Supply, Saving Lives: Why recovery must become the next national conversation

Beyond enforcement, the NDLEA has deliberately widened its mission. Through its War Against Drug Abuse (WADA) campaign, prevention messages have reached schools, universities, workplaces, markets, places of worship and communities across the country. The agency has also invested more consistently in counselling and rehabilitation, recognising that addiction cannot be viewed solely through the lens of criminal prosecution.

Those achievements deserve recognition because they have changed both the visibility and seriousness of Nigeria’s response to illicit drugs.

Yet they also illuminate a truth that anti-drug agencies across the world have come to accept.

No country has ever arrested its way out of an addiction crisis.

That observation should not be mistaken for criticism of enforcement. Rather, it recognises the nature of addiction itself. Drug trafficking is a criminal enterprise sustained by profit. Addiction is a complex medical, psychological and social condition. The two overlap, but they are not the same problem, and they rarely respond to the same solutions.

International experience consistently shows that the countries making the greatest progress combine firm law enforcement with equally sustained investments in prevention, treatment, education, research and long-term recovery. Removing traffickers from the streets remains indispensable. Reducing the number of people who become dependent on drugs is equally important.

Nigeria has reached precisely that point.

Looking Beyond the Drug Itself

The public conversation often begins and ends with the substance being abused—cannabis, tramadol, codeine, methamphetamine or cocaine. Specialists, however, increasingly ask a different question.

Instead of asking only what a person is using, they ask why.

For many individuals, substance dependence develops alongside experiences that receive far less public attention: childhood neglect, domestic violence, sexual abuse, unresolved grief, displacement caused by conflict, depression, anxiety, unemployment, social isolation or prolonged economic hardship. Drugs become less a search for excitement than an attempt to numb emotional pain.

This understanding has transformed addiction medicine across much of the world.

Rather than asking, “What is wrong with this person?”, trauma-informed care begins by asking, “What has this person lived through?”

That shift does not excuse criminal conduct or remove personal responsibility. It simply recognises that lasting recovery becomes far more likely when treatment addresses both the addiction and the psychological injuries that frequently accompany it.

Without that understanding, detoxification may remove the drug while leaving the deeper causes untouched. Relapse then becomes less a failure of character than a predictable consequence of incomplete treatment.

Recovery Demands More Than Detoxification

One of the enduring misconceptions surrounding addiction is that recovery ends when a person stops taking drugs.

Medical evidence suggests otherwise.

Addiction is increasingly understood as a chronic condition requiring sustained treatment and long-term support. Effective rehabilitation depends on multidisciplinary teams bringing together psychiatrists, addiction physicians, clinical psychologists, psychiatric nurses, counsellors, occupational therapists, social workers, peer recovery mentors and family support services. Each contributes something different—from managing withdrawal symptoms and treating co-existing mental illnesses to rebuilding relationships, restoring self-worth and helping recovering users return to education or employment.

Nigeria has made progress in expanding rehabilitation services, including facilities supported by the NDLEA, federal and state institutions and private organisations. Even so, specialist treatment remains inaccessible for many families, particularly outside major urban centres. Expanding affordable, evidence-based rehabilitation should become a public health priority rather than an emergency response after lives have already begun to unravel.

The Earlier the Intervention, the Better the Outcome

Every addiction begins somewhere.

Sometimes it starts with curiosity.

Sometimes with peer pressure.

Sometimes with the mistaken belief that a pill improves concentration, a syrup eases emotional pain or a stimulant helps someone work longer hours.

That is why prevention cannot be reduced to occasional awareness campaigns.

Schools should become the country’s strongest protective environment. Drug education should be integrated into broader life-skills programmes that teach emotional resilience, conflict resolution, decision-making and healthy responses to stress. Teachers and guidance counsellors should receive specialised training to identify behavioural changes that may indicate early substance use, while referral systems should ensure vulnerable students receive professional help before experimentation develops into dependency.

Families Need Help Too

Parents are usually the first to notice that something has changed.

The once outgoing teenager becomes withdrawn.

Academic performance begins to decline.

Money disappears without explanation.

Mood swings become more frequent.

Yet many families delay seeking help because addiction continues to attract shame and misunderstanding. Some fear public embarrassment. Others hope the problem will disappear on its own.

Public education should therefore speak as much to parents as it does to young people. Recognising addiction early—and understanding that treatment is available—can make the difference between recovery and years of dependency.

Communities Have a Role Beyond Sympathy

No institution encounters vulnerable young people more consistently than communities themselves.

Faith-based organisations, traditional institutions, youth associations, employers and civil society groups often become the first places where struggling individuals seek guidance. Properly equipped, they can serve as gateways to professional care rather than relying exclusively on moral condemnation or informal counselling.

Recovery becomes far more sustainable when individuals return to communities prepared to support reintegration instead of reinforcing stigma.

Building on the NDLEA’s Momentum

The progress already recorded by the NDLEA provides Nigeria with something valuable: a stronger foundation than existed only a few years ago.

Maintaining that momentum will require continued investment in intelligence-led investigations, border security, international cooperation and prosecution of organised criminal networks. Those responsible for manufacturing, importing and distributing dangerous substances must continue to face the full consequences of the law.

At the same time, government investment should increasingly extend beyond enforcement budgets.

Nigeria needs more specialist addiction treatment centres, stronger mental health services within primary healthcare, better-trained professionals, expanded rehabilitation facilities, improved community reintegration programmes and sustained research capable of identifying emerging patterns of drug use before they become national emergencies.

Recovery should not end when treatment ends.

Former users need opportunities to return to school, acquire vocational skills, secure employment and rebuild relationships. Without those opportunities, the circumstances that contributed to addiction often remain unchanged.

A Shared Responsibility

The responsibility does not rest with government alone.

Parents must remain attentive to changes in their children’s behaviour.

Schools must become places where emotional distress is recognised before it becomes dependency.

Healthcare professionals require stronger institutional support.

Community organisations and religious institutions should continue creating environments where seeking help carries no shame.

The media, too, has obligations beyond reporting spectacular seizures. Responsible journalism can educate families, reduce stigma, highlight successful recovery stories and encourage informed public discussion instead of reinforcing stereotypes that discourage people from seeking treatment.

The Measure of Success

Nigeria’s campaign against illicit drugs has reached an important turning point.

The country has demonstrated that determined leadership, better intelligence and stronger institutions can disrupt trafficking networks that once operated with alarming confidence. Under Brigadier General Marwa, the NDLEA has restored public confidence in the agency’s operational capacity and elevated the fight against illicit drugs to a national priority. Those achievements should be acknowledged and sustained.

The next phase of the struggle, however, will be measured differently.

It will be reflected in fewer young Nigerians beginning to use drugs, more families seeking help before addiction deepens, schools identifying vulnerable students early, rehabilitation centres equipped with the specialists recovery demands, and communities willing to replace stigma with support.

The trafficker who profits from destroying lives must continue to encounter the full weight of the law.

The young Nigerian struggling with addiction deserves something equally deliberate: evidence-based treatment, trauma-informed care, specialist rehabilitation and a genuine opportunity to begin again.

Only when those two commitments advance side by side will Nigeria move beyond reacting to addiction and begin reducing the conditions that allow it to flourish.

That is the next frontier. And it is one the country can still win.

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Osun: Don’t summon the demons of 1983, By Funke Egbemode

I was a slim teenager on August 15, 1983 but what I saw was fat and unforgettable.

I came close, chest-to-chest close, to death. A big box containing my parents’ certificates, documents was on my head when they stopped me.

With eyes red from rage and other things, they belowed at me.

I explained, tears in my eyes and voice.

The streets were empty.

Residents of Ikirun, in today’s Ifelodun Local Government Area of Osun State were all behind doors. Only ‘the boys’ were on patrol.

The sky was dark from smoke of burning houses, sawmills, shops.

My father’s Action Group identity card was our get-out-of-tragedy card. And yes, my father was a politician years before I was born and he could have lost everything that day.

Our landlord, Alhaji Atanda, was not so lucky. He lost houses and sawmills. The drums of palm oil that his wife just took delivery of were kicked on to their sides until there was a big red pool of red oil.

He, I believe, also lost the will to live because he locked himself up in his burning house. His friends had to break doors to pull him out.

My knees shaking and heart panting so loudly I thought it was going to jump out and run on its own legs.

I saw flashing blades of newly sharpened cutlasses.

I saw blood. I saw and felt fear.

I heard screams of pain and despair .

I saw destruction of property and livelihood, the kind that made the owners give up on life.

What was the occasion? Was it a war? Yes and No. A communal war? Yes, a war where brothers forgot they were brothers because they wore different party emblems. It was supposed to be just an election, governorship election but the two leading political parties, the Unity Party of Nigeria (UPN) and the National Party of Nigeria ( NPN) turned a simple contest into a bloodbath that left in its trail widows, widowers, orphans and painful gnashing of the teeth. It was a terrible season.

August 15, 2026, 43 years after that day of pain and sorrow, history beckons again, with another two leading parties in a governorship race in Osun State, I am just wondering and worried. Imagine the coincidence! The governorship election held on August 13, 1983. The trouble announced itself on August 15, 1983 after a radio broadcast by a politician. Another August 15 is almost here. And another politician has spoken, his hands on the two legs of a soundly sleeping ghost!

Read Also: Echoes of Trauma: When nobody is listening

According, to George Santayana, those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it. In Osun, are those who should remember 1983 remembering it correctly? Or they think it was reality TV that must have a Season 2 in 2026?

There are statements that should never come from the lips of a governor, a leader.

There are memories that responsible leaders should never awaken.

And there are ghosts that should be left in their graves, like the 1983 ghost.

As Osun prepares for the August 15 governorship election, political temperatures have risen, with accusations and counter-accusations between the major camps over violence, intimidation and alleged plots to influence the outcome. Against that backdrop, reports that Governor Ademola Adeleke invoked the possibility of “1983” if the election is not properly conducted have naturally stirred anxiety because that year occupies a painful place in the political memory of old Oyo State and in the hearts of victims like me.

Young Nigerians may not understand why older people suddenly became uncomfortable as soon as after-election violence is mentioned. It is not because people of my generation saw it, saw fathers being pushed into a burning house. The smell of burning and burnt human flesh scars you forever.

Those who were born after the dust settled may think 1983 is just another year in a history book.

It is not.

It is a scar.

It is a wound.

It is a cemetery of dreams.

It is a reminder that democracy can bleed and go into coma.

Old Oyo State was not just Oyo as we know it today. It included what is now Osun State. When old men in Ilesa, Ikirun, Iragbiji, Ororuwo, Ila, Ife, Ede, Iwo, Ogbomoso, Ibadan, Saki or Oyo mention “1983,” they are not discussing politics. When the people of Owo, Ado Ekiti, Akure, Ondo remember 1983, what rushes through their minds is a lot.

They are remembering fear.

They remember sleeping with one eye open.

They remember mothers hiding children under beds.

They remember fathers refusing to light lanterns at night.

They remember the smell of burning buildings.

They remember neighbours becoming enemies because they belonged to different political parties.

They remember families divided forever.

I, Olufunke, remember the night my family distributed our belongings in the homes of daddy’s friends and former school mates and we the children slept on top of our boxes and bags, all six of us. I must not put into words what I think of those who want to make the 1983 demons walk through Osun, again!

The 1983 election remains one of the darkest chapters in the history of Western Nigeria.

That governorship election that pitted the late Chief Bola Ige against the late Dr. Victor Omololu Olunloyo ended in bitter controversy. Allegations of manipulation filled the air waves the morning after. Before you could say ‘Up Awo’, old Ondo and the old Oyo states became battlefields. Streets became war zones.

People stopped arguing with words. They started arguing with fire, cutlasses and juju.

The violence that followed consumed homes, businesses and lives. Political offices were attacked. Property went up in flames. Communities that had lived peacefully suddenly found themselves trapped in cycles of revenge. Historians regard the post-election unrest in old Oyo and neighbouring areas as one of the crises that weakened the Second Republic before the military coup of December 31, 1983.

Eventually, it became clear that nobody truly won. Not Bola Ige. Not Victor Olunloyo, Not Lekan Balogun. Certainly not Adekunle Ajasin and Akin Omoboriowo; not UPN or NPN, most certainly not the ordinary people.

History has a cruel sense of humour like that.

The politicians eventually moved on and later became friends once again.

Many of the victims never recovered.

That is why leaders should choose their words carefully. Political speeches are not ordinary conversations.

They are like struck marches. Sometimes they fall on wet ground.

Sometimes they fall inside a petrol station.

In an atmosphere already charged with allegations of attacks, destruction of campaign materials and fears of electoral violence, every word from political leaders carries enormous weight. Public appeals from different stakeholders—including security agencies and peace initiatives—have consistently urged all parties to avoid inflammatory rhetoric and commit to peaceful conduct before, during and after the election.

No election is worth another widow. Governorship seats should not be erected in blood. Nobody deserves to become an orphan because someone wants to serve his state.

No political office is valuable enough to justify another generation growing up with stories of fathers who never returned home.

This is not about one political party. This is about wisdom, fairness and fear of God.

It is not about whether you support Accord, APC or any other platform.

It is about whether we have learnt anything from history.

Leadership demands restraint.

A governor’s greatest responsibility is not merely to seek votes.

It is to lower the political temperature.

When followers hear a leader mention a tragic historical event, some may interpret it as a warning.

Others may hear it as a prediction.

The reckless ones may even mistake it for permission – or an order.

That is why words matter.

One careless sentence can travel faster than a convoy of security vehicles.

One reckless speech can do more damage than hundreds of thugs.

Those who witnessed 1983 are now grandparents.

Some still lower their voices when telling those stories.

Some still remember where they hid.

Some still remember the neighbour whose shop was burnt.

Some still remember the family that fled overnight and never returned.

Some still remember the smoke, the screams and the burnt bodies.

Many of today’s politicians were children then. Many of today’s voters were not even born.

That is precisely why those memories should educate us—not recruit us.

If there is any lesson from 1983, it is that electoral victories are temporary.

The pain of violence is permanent.

Governors come and go.

Senators come and go.

Political parties change names.

But widows remain widows. Orphans remain orphans.

Burnt houses do not rebuild themselves.

The houses destroyed in my hometown were empty until the owners saved up enough money to rebuild themselves.

A destroyed economy does not recover overnight.

Trust, once broken between neighbours, may take generations to heal.

Osun has earned a reputation over the years for producing scholars, judges, teachers, first rate journalists, artists, artistes, engineers and public servants.

Let it also become known as the state that refused to repeat history.

The greatest victory on August 15 will not be who occupies the Government House.

The greatest victory will be if every voter returns home safely.

If no mother waits endlessly for a missing son, if no child sleeps in a displaced person’s camp because politicians could not control their tongues and ire.

If no hospital receives victims of avoidable clashes, that would be the sweetest victory.

Politicians must remember that elections last only one day.

Governance lasts years.

History lasts forever.

The generation that witnessed 1983 has already paid the tuition fees.

They learnt the lesson with blood and tears.

Must today’s generation pay the same fees again?

I hope not because nations that keep repeating painful history eventually become prisoners of it.

And Osun deserves better.

Nigeria deserves clear-headed leaders who will not afflict them with irreversible damages.

May August 15 produce ballots and not bullets.

May it produce winners instead of widows.

May it produce celebration and not sorrow.

And on a last note, anyone who threatens me with the ghosts of 1983 can never be my friend. Yes.

Let that ghost rest in peace, finally.

The views expressed by contributors are strictly personal and not of Law & Society Magazine.

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Can we avoid the danger of history repeating itself? By Richard Odusanya

An historian and a professor at Northwest University in Chicago profoundly posited: ”History does not repeat itself. We make new mistakes”. I have thought that over deeply, and would like us to think this over too. See for ourselves if this is true. I find it to be true. History does not repeat itself. We live in Cyberspace now. We own the internet space and some other recent inventions.

Unsurprisingly, Cardinal John Onaiyekan’s recent critique of the federal government echoes a recurring historical pattern in Nigeria where religious leaders confront civilian administrations for economic hardship, only to face swift rebukes from the presidency accusing them of bias or breaching confidentiality.

Interestingly, some years ago, about twenty-seven or so: Pope John Paul II, the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of Vatican City, visited the then military Head of State, General Abacha and delivered a similar message which was also dismissed by the Late Head of State. 

We’re all a living witnesses to the eventualities after that visit. The Catholic Bishops are like the forerunners of God. You can’t play God. It is absolutely important to be circumspect, wise and listen to the voice of God.

Similarly, Cardinal John Onaiyekan exemplifies the intersection of moral authority and political governance, serving as an outspoken voice on national affairs, a mediator in interfaith relations, and a critic of state power. 

His recent public disclosures regarding a closed-door meeting with the Nigerian presidency highlight the delicate and often tense friction between institutional authority and religious conscience.

President Bola Tinubu’s remark that “all is fair in politics” during a meeting with Catholic bishops sparked swift public concern, with critics like Cardinal John Onaiyekan warning that such an a-win-by-all-means attitude threatens democratic rules and national stability.

This statements: “all is fair in politics”, body languages, previous undemocratic tendencies and actions. I dare say; that, there is conflict of interest which has the potential to facilitate electoral malpractices and cast doubt on the credibility of the entire process.

In essence, electoral malpractices in Nigeria stem from a fundamental conflict of interest where political actors and institutions tasked with upholding democratic integrity are simultaneously incentivized to manipulate outcomes for personal or partisan survival.

THREATS OF DO-or-DIE POLITICAL

Electoral Violence: Treats votes as a battleground, causing fear, harm, and loss of life.

Weakened Trust: Destroys faith in fair voting and public institutions.Exclusion: Leaves out youths, women, and poor citizens from true leadership.

BELOW ARE SOME IMPORTANT ACCOUNTS

“In God’s name and in the name of the poor masses of this nation, I beg all those who are now running the affairs of the nation to sincerely examine their consciences before God, and seek divine guidance in all that they do. One thing that is obvious to all is that we cannot continue along the present path of stagnation, confrontation and general tension in the land. The Lord has been kind and patient with our land. May we not try his patience beyond limits!”

– Excerpt from Onaiyekan’s homily at the Mass of his installation as Archbishop of Abuja in June 1994, upbraiding the Abacha regime for the post-June 1993 crisis in the nation.

Some prophets have never been afraid of calling Caesar to order.

Fast-forward, on the 31/07/26 at an interview with the ARISE NEWS; Cardinal John Onaiyekan warned that Nigeria’s 2027 elections face severe credibility threats because the current administration is allegedly determined to retain power by any means, rendering citizen votes potentially meaningless despite procedural fairness.

KEY CONCERNS RAISED BY ARCHBISHOP ONAIYEKAN

Win-at-All-Costs Mentality: The government possesses vast state resources and is deploying them to secure victory, moving past healthy political competition into absolute control.

Flawed Electoral Commission Appointments: The practice of the president appointing election officials creates systemic bias and public distrust, as standard party members often fill these independent roles.

Value of Votes: True democracy fails when administrative power and institutional control outweigh the actual choices made by citizens at the ballot box. Required Reforms for Credible Elections

Independent Leadership: Removing the power of the president to appoint the leadership of the electoral commission and transferring it to a neutral, independent entity.

Systemic Restructuring: Rebuilding institutional frameworks so that election umpires demonstrate impartiality through actions rather than empty verbal assurances.

Performance Focus: Urging the government to prioritize solving real national problems—such as the economy, corruption, and insecurity—rather than focusing entirely on political survival.

In conclusion; the avoidable challenge is for us not have history repeating itself because those events change, science advances and culture grows and shrinks, humans repeat errors thus repeating history over and over again.

Citizen Richard ODUSANYA. Public Affairs Enthusiast and Good Governance Advocate

[email protected]

The views expressed by contributors are strictly personal and not of Law & Society Magazine.

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Court of Appeal defines the boundaries of transparency in NBA electronic elections

By Lillian Okenwa

In a judgment with implications far beyond the Nigerian Bar Association’s 2024 presidential election, the Court of Appeal has examined where electoral transparency ends and statutory privacy obligations begin, offering fresh judicial guidance for the digital age.

Long after ballots are cast and winners declared, election disputes often become contests over something deeper than victory or defeat. They raise questions about access to information, confidence in institutions and the legal limits of transparency. Those issues lay at the heart of a Court of Appeal judgment that could influence the conduct of electronic elections within professional associations across Nigeria.

In a carefully reasoned decision delivered in Abuja, the appellate court considered whether a candidate dissatisfied with the outcome of the Nigerian Bar Association’s 2024 presidential election could compel access to electronic election records, or whether the Association’s obligations under Nigeria’s data protection regime imposed lawful limits on such disclosure.

Although the appeal arose from one of the most closely watched elections in the history of the Bar, the issues before the court reach much further. As professional associations, labour unions and other membership organisations increasingly embrace electronic voting, the judgment provides important judicial guidance on the relationship between transparency, accountability and digital privacy.

The appeal was brought by Mr. Tobenna Erojikwe, who participated in the 2024 NBA presidential election and later sought access to a range of election materials following the declaration of the results. He argued that the records were necessary to examine the integrity of the electronic voting process and to verify aspects of the election.

Named as respondents were the Incorporated Trustees of the Nigerian Bar Association, the Chairman of the Electoral Committee of the NBA (ECNBA), Mr. Oluseun Abimbola, SAN, and Election Buddy Inc., the technology company engaged to conduct the electronic election.

The litigation ultimately presented the Court of Appeal with issues that now confront many organisations adopting digital voting systems. How much information should an institution disclose after an election? Where does accountability end and the protection of personal data begin? Can every electronic record generated during an election be demanded by an aggrieved candidate, or are there legal limits imposed by statute?

Those questions increasingly arise as elections move from paper ballots to digital platforms. Institutions are expected to demonstrate that elections were conducted fairly, while simultaneously protecting the personal information of thousands of members whose data forms part of electronic voting systems.

The Court was therefore invited to reconcile two important public interests. One was the need for openness capable of sustaining confidence in electoral outcomes. The other was the statutory obligation to safeguard personal information entrusted to organisations conducting elections.

The significance of the judgment lies not merely in the outcome of the appeal, but in the legal principles it explores. Rather than treating transparency as an unrestricted entitlement or privacy as an absolute shield, the Court examined how both values should coexist within Nigeria’s evolving framework for electronic governance.

That discussion extends beyond the affairs of the NBA. Medical associations, engineering bodies, accounting institutes, academic unions and several other professional organisations now rely on electronic voting to elect their leaders. Questions concerning audit trails, access to digital records and the protection of members’ personal information are therefore likely to appear before Nigerian courts with increasing frequency.

For that reason, the Court of Appeal’s decision deserves attention beyond the legal profession. It contributes to a growing body of jurisprudence that will influence how electronic elections are conducted, challenged and defended in the years ahead.

The detailed reasoning of the Court—and what it means for the future of electronic elections in Nigeria—forms the focus of the next instalment of this special report.

Coming Next

Part II: Inside the Judgment — How the court balanced electoral transparency, digital privacy and accountability in the NBA election dispute

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Echoes of Trauma: When nobody is listening

By Lillian Okenwa

You’re not listening to me.

Few sentences carry more disappointment than those five words.

They are spoken every day, although not always in the same way. A child struggles to explain why tears suddenly appeared over what adults dismiss as something small. A wife realises that she has repeated the same concern so often it now seems to drift past unnoticed. A patient describes pain that refuses to fit neatly into a medical chart. A university student tries to explain that effort and results are not always the same thing. An elderly parent tells a familiar story once again, hoping that this time someone will hear the loneliness beneath the memory.

Sometimes the words are spoken aloud. Sometimes they never leave the heart.

People survive remarkable things. They bury those they love, rebuild after devastating losses, begin again after dreams collapse and somehow find the strength to face another morning. Yet few burdens weigh more heavily than the feeling that your fears, your pain or your experience no longer matter to anyone else.

One of trauma’s deepest injuries is not always the event itself. Often, it is the growing suspicion that speaking no longer changes anything.

That suspicion does not belong only to private lives. It can settle over entire communities. This week, many Nigerians have once again woken to headlines that reopen familiar anxieties. Families are desperately searching for loved ones after fresh abductions. Homes already stretched by the rising cost of living continue to make impossible choices. Across the country, conversations are filled with worry, frustration and uncertainty, yet beneath all the noise lingers a question that deserves far more attention than it receives.

Is anybody really listening

Not listening long enough to prepare a response. Not listening simply to defend a position. Not listening with the intention of explaining another person’s experience back to them. Listening in the way that allows another human being to feel that their life has been acknowledged.

Trauma has a way of entering conversations without announcing itself. It appears in hesitation, in unfinished sentences and in the decision to say, “It doesn’t matter,” when it matters very much.

Few people wake up one morning and decide they will never speak again. They explain themselves once more. They search for gentler words. They wonder whether they failed to make themselves understood. They try again. Then, almost without noticing, they are no longer speaking with the expectation of being heard. They are simply going through the motions of conversation.

That is why silence can be misleading.

Not everyone who grows quiet has found peace. Some have merely grown accustomed to disappointment.

Others continue talking long after hope has begun to fade. They answer questions. They smile politely. They contribute to meetings. They send messages. They sit around family tables. Yet somewhere within them, expectation has taken its leave. Their voices are still present, but they no longer believe those voices can alter very much.

It appears in marriages where conversations become routine exchanges rather than genuine encounters. It appears in families where young people stop confiding in their parents, convinced they will be misunderstood before they have finished speaking. It appears in workplaces where fresh ideas are swallowed before they are voiced, and in classrooms where struggling students decide it is easier to remain silent than explain themselves yet again.

The same pattern can spread through entire communities. People stop asking for help before they stop needing it. They withdraw from conversations before they stop caring. They lower their expectations long before they lose their compassion. Very little announces the moment hope begins to retreat. There is no ceremony. No final conversation. People simply begin asking less of those around them because experience has taught them not to expect very much.

Perhaps this is one of trauma’s least recognised echoes. It does not always reveal itself through anger or tears. More often, it hides in ordinary moments: the friend who shrugs instead of explaining, the neighbour who no longer attends community meetings, the graduate who has stopped talking about ambitions that once filled every conversation, the patient who says, “I’m fine,” because describing the pain one more time feels like another disappointment waiting to happen.

We often imagine that listening begins with hearing words. It begins much earlier than that. It begins with deciding that another person’s experience deserves our full attention, even when we cannot solve the problem they bring to us. Every time someone feels genuinely heard, they recover something disappointment had almost persuaded them to surrender.

In a season when so many voices compete to be heard, perhaps the rarest gift we can offer another human being is the assurance that they have not become invisible.

Sometimes healing begins there.

A lawyer and equity advocate, Lillian can be reached at [email protected]. Follow on X: @OkenwaLillian.

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‘Breastfeeding won’t make your breasts sag,’ Bauchi Health Chief tells mothers as UNICEF raises alarm over infant feeding practices

Photo Credit: JW.org

Only one in four babies in Bauchi is exclusively breastfed for six months despite more than 90 per cent of mothers breastfeeding, UNICEF says.

Health authorities in Bauchi State have launched a fresh campaign to dismantle myths surrounding breastfeeding, warning that misinformation, poverty and harmful cultural practices are undermining child survival despite widespread acceptance of breastfeeding across the state.

At the flag-off of the 2026 World Breastfeeding Week in Bauchi on Monday, the Executive Chairman of the Bauchi State Primary Healthcare Development Board, Dr. Rilwanu Muhammad, dismissed one of the most persistent misconceptions among women—that breastfeeding causes breasts to sag.

“Breastfeeding your children will not make your breasts fall or sag,” he said. “Ageing naturally changes the body. Mothers should not deny their babies the benefits of breastfeeding because of that fear.”

His remarks came as health officials and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) expressed concern that while more than nine out of every 10 mothers in Bauchi breastfeed their babies, only about 26 per cent practise exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life, while just 12 per cent begin breastfeeding within the critical first hour after birth.

Health experts describe those first sixty minutes as one of the most important windows for a newborn’s survival.

The first milk, known as colostrum, is rich in antibodies and nutrients that protect newborns against infections. Medical experts often describe it as a baby’s first natural immunisation because it strengthens immunity before routine vaccines begin.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF, exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months significantly reduces the risk of diarrhoea, pneumonia and malnutrition—the leading causes of preventable deaths among children under five worldwide. It also lowers mothers’ risks of breast and ovarian cancers while reducing household spending on infant feeding.

Dr. Muhammad described breast milk as “the child’s first medicine and first immunisation,” stressing that no manufactured substitute can fully reproduce its biological composition.

“If the mother is well nourished, the child benefits directly,” he said, arguing that improving maternal nutrition remains one of the most cost-effective investments in child health.

He linked Nigeria’s persistent malnutrition burden to rising poverty, inflation and poor nutritional knowledge rather than food scarcity alone.

“The income of many families is extremely low. Inflation has made healthy diets more difficult, but many households still have access to nutritious local foods they do not fully utilise because of limited information.”

The campaign coincides with the Federal Government’s Maternal, Newborn and Child Health (MNCH) Weeks, during which pregnant women and young children receive Vitamin A supplements, deworming medication, folic acid, multiple micronutrient supplements, immunisation, antenatal services and nutrition counselling.

Dr. Muhammad said Vitamin A remains critical for strengthening immunity, improving eyesight, supporting healthy growth and reducing childhood diarrhoea.

UNICEF’s Chief of Field Office in Bauchi, Dr. Nuzhat Rafique, said the state’s breastfeeding culture remains strong, but optimal breastfeeding practices continue to lag behind.

She warned that many newborns are still given water, honey, herbal mixtures and other traditional substances immediately after birth—a practice health experts say exposes infants to dangerous infections.

“A baby should receive breast milk within the first hour after birth without water or any other liquids,” she said. “Introducing anything else increases the risk of diarrhoea and other infections.”

Rafique said the first 1,000 days of life—from conception until a child’s second birthday—represent the most important period for brain development, physical growth and lifelong health.

Research published by WHO and UNICEF has consistently shown that children who are optimally breastfed have lower risks of infectious diseases, improved cognitive development and better long-term health outcomes, while mothers benefit from faster postpartum recovery and reduced risks of several cancers.

This year’s World Breastfeeding Week carries the theme “Breastfeeding for a Sustainable Start in Life: Strengthen What Works,” highlighting the need to expand interventions already proven to improve child nutrition.

Rafique welcomed the Bauchi State Government’s approval of six months’ paid maternity leave for public servants, describing the policy as an important step towards enabling exclusive breastfeeding.

She also commended the state’s commitment of ₦500 million as counterpart funding for the Child Nutrition Fund and expressed optimism that the resources would be released promptly to strengthen nutrition programmes.

Beyond government action, however, she argued that successful breastfeeding depends on collective support from fathers, families, employers, communities and healthcare workers.

“Breastfeeding is not solely a mother’s responsibility,” she said. “Families, workplaces, healthcare providers and governments all have roles to play in creating an environment where mothers can breastfeed successfully.”

UNICEF said it will continue supporting Bauchi through nutrition campaigns, community education, the First 1,000 Days Nutrition Social and Behaviour Change Campaign, and the Zero Water Campaign, which discourages giving water or other liquids to babies under six months.

For health officials, the message behind this year’s campaign is simple: one of the most effective tools for reducing child deaths, improving nutrition and protecting maternal health costs nothing.

The challenge is ensuring that every mother receives the knowledge, support and confidence to use it.

THE LARGER QUESTIONS

  • 1. Why do myths about breastfeeding persist despite decades of public health campaigns?
  • 2. What role should fathers, employers and extended families play in supporting nursing mothers?
  • 3. How can Nigeria improve exclusive breastfeeding rates without increasing the financial burden on poor households?
  • 4. Are hospitals and primary healthcare centres doing enough to ensure babies receive breast milk within the first hour after birth?
  • 5. Can stronger maternity protection policies significantly reduce malnutrition and under-five mortality?

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Badejo-Okusanya: Again, S/West gets an unwanted President, By Lanre Adewole

Penultimate weekend’s win of the Nigerian Bar Association presidency by Oyinkansola Badejo-Okusanya, SAN, is the third consecutive time her South West zone would be saddled with an unwanted representative at the helm of the lawyers’ body. And this time, it hits closer home considering that the disfavoured, is also Yoruba. That sounds like Olusegun Obasanjo’s first presidential mount.

The “emergence” of the Bar’s first elected female president, has further unclad the lawyers’ association, widely seen as consistently hemorrhaging value and credibility since democratic rule returned, like the woman with the issue of blood in Mark 5:25-34 who bled non-stop for 12 years before Christ’s help came.
Hopefully, NBA will be rescued too, before it’s too late.

That Muyiwa Akinboro SAN; the anointed of the South West, also lost scandalously, even conceding the second position in the three-person race, to little-known Lateef Omoyemi Akangbe, is the death knell for Egbe Amofin, the supposed umbrella body for South West lawyers, which should ordinarily be a primus of the three zones rotating the body’s headship, considering that the Yoruba have dominated the legal profession since fellow Ijesa and history maker, Christopher Alexander Sapara Williams began practising in Lagos on January 13, 1888 after being called to the English Bar on November 17, 1879.

He would go on to lead the Bar for 15 years, between 1900 and 1915, unfortunately dying in office on March 15. 1915 at just 59.

Infact, until the Bar presidency was made rotational among North, West (South West plus Edo and Delta) and East, the dominance of the South West, especially its big names practising in Lagos, was unmistakable in the eminence of the leadership roll-call.
All now, seem a mere reminiscence of the nostalgic, for the Yoruba elders of the Western Bar, whose influence is now at ground zero.

By convention, since the adoption of the rotational presidency, the leadership of the producing zone, is always expected to present a consensus candidate to the other two zones for bloc support and the last time the Egbe Amofin would appear to have a say in the Western zone producing the president of the Bar, was the unanimous adoption of now-late Rotimi Akeredolu, SAN, in July, 2008. With the West presenting him to others as its sole pick, he was even elected unopposed, making him the 24th president of the association.

To emerge as the sole presidential candidate for the then-prestigious post, was a clear signpost of the remarkable dominant influence of Egbe Amofin on the Western Bar and sadly too, the successful outing 18 years ago, would be the beginning of a skid and the elders who used to be oracles of a sort, now seem out of sorts in sorting out whatever the problem was/is. Several of them are my egbon, but their failure to buck the worrying trend, is inexcusable.

Since Akeredolu, it has been the turn of the Western Bar thrice to lead the lawyers’ body and thrice, South West leadership has failed, losing twice to its junior partner; Edo/Delta (first to Augustine Aleghe in 2014 and Olumide Akpata in 2020, both incidentally from Edo). Even now that the two-state junior partner would magnanimously stay out of the race it could easily win again, leaving the field open for three Yoruba contestants, an unwanted candidate still won.
What is the Egbe missing?

Today, Nigeria’s jurisprudential colossus and dear uncle, Chief Oluwole Oladapo Olanipekun, SAN, is easily the most towering figure of the Western Bar. Respected nationally and recognised internationally, the question is, why are his own back home, either not hearing him or turning what the Yoruba will call eti ikun (the striped ground squirrel’s proverbial deaf ear, though the animal isn’t actually deaf but always daring enough for humans to come very close to it before making a move for an escape route) to his admonition and endorsement?.

Before the contentious poll, a Senior Advocate of Nigeria I was visiting in his Banana Island, Lagos home gave me an insight into the fraying within the South West Bar over consensus endorsement and mentioned a former governor of Lagos State as the prime mover of the Oyinkansola agenda. The president-elect is a protégée of the former Lagos ruler who is also a Silk.

With the outgoing president, Afam Osigwe, SAN, seen as actively pushing the same agenda, my host, who is openly anti-Igbo’s brand of politicking (he’s always accusing them of demanding from others what they can’t give and he says he is ready to give anything and everything to ensure Obi loses woefully in Lagos), was very displeased that Osigwe was trying to choose his successor for the Western Bar. He told me he equally refused to heed the NBA president’s plea to help rein in some young lawyers in the zone, vehemently opposed to the alleged facilitating role Osigwe was playing for Oyinkansola.

It would seem the Osigwe coup worked and the ex-governor SAN, got his wish, despite the eventual winner and Akangbe; the first runner-up, vying from the same Lagos space. Of the trio who ran, the griping, failed-anointed, Kuta-born Akinboro has the biggest name recognition, having served as the national scribe of the association between 2010 and 2012 during the headship of J.B Daudu from the Northern zone. Having also led the Abuja branch as both secretary and chairman, endorsed by Egbe Amofin, supposedly representing all South West lawyers and presented to both the Eastern and Northern Bars as the West’s pick, it should concern the endorsing senior lawyers in his camp that he got so badly trounced by a starter like Badejo-Okusanya whose husband’s name recognition in the PR community can’t also be overlooked.

To cap it, the president-elect just made SAN less than a year ago.
Yes, shocking upset isn’t a rarity in political contests and endorsements, even when region-wide, like what Akinboro supposedly got, can backfire, but losing consistently, is losing relevance or playing the wrong cards.

Is it likely the South West has been backing the wrong tree since the Akeredolu win, or other zones are deliberately undermining, to subdue its influence, by going rogue with its anointed?
I will first go with self-sabotage. I believe the S/W leaders were consumed by their assumed invincibility in the making of the Akeredolu presidency (I wish he lived longer; he could have been a courageous Nigerian president of Yoruba descent) and didn’t move early with changing times.

Just six years after the Akeredolu nomination success, the zone’s leadership had become so fragmented that it could not agree on a consensus candidate when it was its turn again. The trio of Mrs Funke Adekoya, Chief Niyi Akintola and Deacon Dele Adesina, all Silk, refused to have any of them as the sole candidate, despite the open preference of Chief Olanipekun for his in-law, Adesina, also a former national secretary of the association, during the presidency of same legal luminary.

Given what I know, I will say 2014 was the turning point for the South West part of the Western Bar and unless it quickly restructures, it’s going to be a forever free fall into antiquation.

The two times South West lost to “outsiders” in the “junior partner” from Edo; tribe politics was its undoing as well as the empty pride of the race itself. At a point during the 2014 internal wrangling, I became a self-appointed conciliator, making midnight calls to candidates and their main backers and strident opponents, pleading with them to close ranks to forestall a possible “steal” by an outsider, when all I was supposed to be, was a journalist, merely reporting all sides to the friction. All the egbon in the crisis were adamant though I must acknowledge the statesmanship of Uncle Wole during our conversations.

Well, what was not supposed to happen, happened. Alegeh, from Edo, stole in and “stole” a win, from the three bickering Yoruba candidates, whose collective votes far outstripped the winner’s total. The Yoruba themselves will say “okere gori iroko, oju ode da” (the squirrel, like a prized target, has irretrievably escaped, the hunter is left with a disappointed visage and regret).

One of the feuding Yoruba trio infamously ejected delegates he camped in an Abuja hotel the moment he was pronounced defeated and the rest is history. Today, all the actors in the unpleasantness that governed the fractious and botched consensus nomination are still associates. So why the proverbial fight-to-finish of 2014? I put it down to sheer ignorance and arrogance though lawyers are supposed to be learned than the rest of humanity.

By 2020, the Western Bar’s junior partner had mastered the soft underbelly of the South West and predictably again, it was multiple candidates in same Adesina and Babatunde Ajibade, with Edo/Delta axis coming with a sole candidate again. Again, unity trumped divided majority. Again, South West’s anointed, Adesina came third, behind Ajibade and the eventual winner, Edo’s Olumide Akpata who wasn’t even a Senior Advocate!

And did he win handsomely! Apart from winning more than 54% of the total votes cast, his total votes were more than the two Yoruba candidates’, combined! That was when Egbe Amofin should have recalibrated but it would seem the regional platform is doomed for the lych bell to toll for it.
For a body that is almost toothless, why should anybody fear its bark. So when my Banana Island host told me the ex-governor Oyinkansola sponsor had been asked to back off, I just smiled inwardly because we both knew he would not listen to the South West Bar leaders and so it turned out. Nobody respects yesterday’s horse rider. It’s the one on the mount that matters. And the election wasn’t even close between Egbe’s pick and the “renegade” winning candidate, though that won’t change the fact that Oyinkansola is leading a minority presidency. Those who voted against her, were more than those who voted for her but opposition split their votes. If Akangbe and Akinboro had joined forces! Many “Ifs”.

The president-elect is coming in with a lesson for numerous stakeholders and even herself, if her victory won’t bowl her over. One, as minority-elected, she would have to be expansive in victory magnanimity. Considering that just 38% of the eligible voters showed up, though the voting process was admittedly wonky and had to rescue at the last minute for the entire process not to be moribund,NBA itself has a lot of confidence rebuilding to do. Add the dwindling interest in voting, to allegedly compromised voting machines! Who would really want to show up next time if NBA election is deemed predetermined and fixed. A rigged system does nobody any good including those currently benefitting from it. Every empire will expire.

If I were INEC’s Joash Amupitan, himself a very senior lawyer and a professor of Law to boot, I will throw everything into making subsequent elections, starting with the August 15 Osun’s, a repudiation of the always-criticizing NBA, which in itself, has been conducting elections with micro-mini integrity in past years. If Amupitan can resist the temptation of the political class and not give guilty verdict to the innocent and acquittal to the guilty, he would have delivered a stinging rebuke to NBA which cant even conduct election for just 82,172 registered voters but always quick to condemn.

For Egbe Amofin Oodua, it’s time for deep soul-searching, starting with withdrawing from future endorsements especially when the buy-in of majority members, particularly the hothead hawks in the association, isn’t in.
And wait, is it me or the nomenclature itself sounds like having some esotericism to it; like some cult name?

The views expressed by contributors are strictly personal and not of Law & Society Magazine.

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