Home Blog Page 59

“More Lessons from Lesotho: What Nigerians can learn from Lesotho’s efficient civil servants and planning for funerals”

By Dr. Tonye Clinton Jaja

Yesterday, I was physically present at the Ministry of Finance of the Kingdom of Lesotho to perform a certain administrative task. Within two hours, it was completed, I was then referred to the Ministry of Law and Justice (which is the Ministry that engaged my services as a legal consultant), no hardcopy paper was given to me by the Ministry of Finance to go with to the officials of the Ministry of Law and Justice. Everything was captured electronically and transmitted electronically to the Ministry of Law and Justice.

I recall a somewhat similar experience in the year 2018, the Legal Services Directorate of the National Assembly of Nigeria had engaged my services as a legal consultant to provide both training and books on legislative drafting. I supplied said services and books in the year 2018, however, the payment only came in the year 2022 (for the first time). Between 2018 to the year 2022, I expended so much money on both transportation and courier services to the office of the Directorate of Finance of the National Assembly. One minute they are asking you to submit documents that you had previously submitted.

“OGA is not on seat”, “we are working on it” etc. are some of the cliches and platitudes that one has to hear whenever you go to government offices in Nigeria.

On a different note, I noticed that unlike in Nigeria, the majority of the citizens of Lesotho plan for funerals by registering for and making monthly payments to funeral planners and insurance companies.

There are so many funeral planners and insurance companies in the capital city of the Kingdom of Lesotho. Citizens get registered with them and make a monthly payment so that in the event of a death in the family, the said funeral planners can cover the costs of the said funeral.

This takes the burden or minimises the burden.

I have recently been involved in the planning for the funeral of my aunt in Nigeria. Let’s just say that, we have spent twice of the normal amount that it was supposed to cost. I won’t go into details!!!

Dr. Tonye Clinton Jaja is the Executive Director,
Nigerian Law Society (NLS)

The Role of Prosecuting Counsel: A Minister of Justice

By E. Monjok Agom

INTRODUCTION

The role of prosecuting counsel is often misunderstood by the general public. Many believe that the primary objective of the prosecuting counsel is to secure a conviction at all costs. However, this is far from the truth. In reality, the prosecuting counsel has a more nuanced and noble role to play in the administration of justice.

THE DUTY TO ACT WITH INTEGRITY

As Avory J., a British Judge, aptly put it in R v. Banks [1916] 2 KB 621:

“…they ought not to struggle for the verdict against the [defendant], but they ought to bear themselves rather in character of ministers of justice assisting in the administration of justice.”

This quote encapsulates the essence of the prosecuting counsel’s role. They are not merely advocates for the prosecution, but rather ministers of justice, tasked with ensuring that justice is served.

A FAIR AND IMPARTIAL APPROACH

The prosecuting counsel must adopt a fair and impartial approach to the case. This means presenting the prosecution’s evidence in a clear and unbiased manner, without resorting to emotional appeals or misleading the court. They must also cross-examine defence witnesses with vigour and guile, but not with the intention of intimidating or bullying them.

THE PROSECUTOR’S ROLE IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE

The prosecuting counsel plays a critical role in the administration of justice. They are responsible for ensuring that the prosecution’s case is presented in a fair and transparent manner, and that the defendant’s rights are protected throughout the trial.

In addition, the prosecuting counsel must be mindful of their duties to the court and to the wider community. They must ensure that justice is served, not just for the victim, but also for the defendant and for society as a whole.

A MISCONCEPTION OF THE ROLE OF THE PROSECUTOR IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE DELIVERY

Apart from the misconception of the role of the prosecutor in criminal proceedings, there is also a misunderstanding of their role in criminal justice delivery. Most prosecutors, especially from some of the law enforcement agencies in Nigeria, come into the trial with a combative and belligerent posture. This approach is often counterproductive and can lead to a miscarriage of justice.

Prosecutors must understand that their role is not to “win” the case at all costs, but to ensure that justice is served. This requires a nuanced and balanced approach, taking into account the rights of the defendant, the interests of the victim, and the needs of society.

PROFESSIONAL OBLIGATIONS UNDER THE RULES OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT

The subject of the prosecuting counsel’s role is also dealt with in Rule 37 of the Rules of Professional Conduct for Legal Practitioners, 2007. This rule emphasizes the importance of the prosecuting counsel’s duty to act with integrity and impartiality. It provides that a lawyer acting as a prosecutor has a duty to act fairly and impartially, and to ensure that justice is served.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the role of prosecuting counsel is not simply to secure a conviction, but to act as a minister of justice, assisting in the administration of justice. By adopting a fair and impartial approach, the prosecuting counsel can help to ensure that justice is served, and that the integrity of the legal process is maintained. The Rules of Professional Conduct for Legal Practitioners, 2007, provide a clear framework for the prosecuting counsel’s role, emphasizing the importance of integrity, impartiality, and fairness.

E. Monjok Agom
16th January, 2025

Man arrested for allegedly defiling his four-year-old daughter in Ogun

  • 40-year-old Kogi man apprehended for allegedly raping toddler

A man identified as Idowu Adebanjo has been arrested by the police in Ogun state allegedly defiling his four-year-old daughter in the Okunsanya Ijebu Igbo area of the state.

The suspected was immediately arrested when victim’s mother, Aderonke Adebanjo, reported the matter to the police on January 15.

Confirming the arrest to newsmen, the command’s spokesperson CSP Omolola Odutola, said the victim had been taken to the General Hospital in Ijebu Igbo for a medical examination. 

She added that the case will be forwarded to the SCID for further action after preliminary investigations have been concluded.

Likewise, the Kogi State Government has vowed to prosecute a 40-year-old man, Mr. Elisha Daniel, accused of raping a three-year-old girl, describing the act as “barbaric” and stating that the society must not tolerate “conscienceless people.”

Addressing journalists in Lokoja on Thursday, the Commissioner for Information and Communications, Mr. Kingsley Fanwo, emphasised the government’s commitment to ensuring the suspect faced the full wrath of the law. He noted that Governor Ahmed Ododo had issued a firm directive to government officials to collaborate with the Nigeria Police Force to ensure justice was served.

“His Excellency, Alhaji Ahmed Ododo, has given a marching order to the Secretary to the State Government and other officials to work closely with the Nigeria Police Force to ensure the accused is prosecuted without delay,” Fanwo said.

He condemned the act as “appalling and unconscionable,” stressing that a man of 40 destroying the life of a three-year-old in the name of rape is unacceptable.

“Our society must have zero tolerance for such heinous acts. The law must not only bark but bite hard to send a clear message that such behaviour will not be condoned.

“The governor has also directed the Attorney General and Commissioner for Justice to ensure the right legal framework is applied to secure justice for the little girl and the society at large,” he added.

Fanwo reaffirmed the government’s dedication to protecting the girl child, labelling the crime as both “criminal and condemnable.”

“The accused must explain his actions in court and to the public. Justice must prevail, and we will ensure this case sets a precedent for handling such abominable acts in the state,” Fanwo declared.

Additionally, the governor has tasked the Ministry for Women Affairs and Social Development with providing immediate support to the victim to help her recover from the trauma saying the government was also committed to showing the child and her family that they were not alone in this fight.

The suspect, who was apprehended by the police following a report from a government official, is said to be cooperating with investigators.

This case underscores the Kogi State Government’s resolve to stand against all forms of violence and exploitation, particularly those targeting vulnerable members of society.

Nigerians flood UK as prison officers, ‘sleep in their cars’ to slash lodging cost

Several Nigerians living in the United Kingdom (UK) are reportedly being hired as prison as the British government seeks to address staffing shortages in overcrowded prisons.

The Telegraph reports that the UK prison service is now sponsoring skilled worker visas for the first time, as a result of a rule change that allows them to recruit from abroad.

Prison governors disclosed that many of the new recruits come from Nigeria, with some skilled workers switching to the role from other visa routes.

However, many of these workers soon arrive in the UK only to encounter accommodation challenges, upon realizing that their job offers did not include any provision for housing.

Reports reveal that some have resorted to camping or even sleeping in their cars as a cost-saving measure.

Mark Fairhurst, president of the Prison Officers’ Association (POA), shared an example of one foreign recruit who commuted 70 miles daily from Huddersfield to Nottingham but later decided to sleep in his car outside the prison to save costs.

At another prison, recruits camped in a wooded area near their workplace after discovering no housing was provided.

“We have got problems with people who turn up at the gates with cases in tow and with their families saying to the staff: ‘Where is the accommodation?’” said Mr. Fairhurst.

The recruitment drive follows changes in visa rules in October 2023, which added prison officers to the list of skilled workers eligible for sponsorship.

Ministry of Justice (MoJ) sources estimate that about 250 foreign nationals have been sponsored to join the prison service so far, completing Zoom interviews and vetting processes.

Prison governors report a high interest in these roles, with many applicants coming from Africa.

In one month last year, two-thirds of 3,500 applicants were from the continent.

Tom Wheatley, president of the Prison Governors Association (PGA), believes online word-of-mouth among the Nigerian expat community has fueled the demand.

This influx has created challenges in some prisons, particularly in remote rural areas, where integration into local communities and communication issues have surfaced.

“It’s turned into an approach that has been promoted online by the expat Nigerian community,” Wheatley noted.

Despite these challenges, the Prison Service maintains that all recruits undergo thorough assessments and training.

“In October 2023, changes were made to the skilled worker visa scheme which has allowed the prison service to sponsor visa applications for foreign nationals,” said a spokesperson. “All staff – regardless of nationality – undergo robust assessments and training before they work in prisons. Our strengthened vetting process roots out those who fall below our high standards.”

However, Mr. Fairhurst has criticised the recruitment process, particularly the reliance on Zoom interviews and six weeks of training.

He argued that this system is inadequate for preparing recruits to manage prisoners effectively.

“The process is simply not fit for purpose,” he said, warning that it risks recruiting under-qualified or corrupt officers.

Vanguard

BOSAN cannot re-write the Rules of Professional Conduct on advertisement

By Ernest Ojukwu, SAN

I have just read a notice of 15th January 2025, by BOSAN signed by Secretary Olumide Sofowora, SAN titled “Prohibition of Advertisements and Adulatory Publications”.

The notice requires among other things a prohibition of SANs from any form of advertisement that promotes lawyer’s services.

I do not think that BOSAN or any of its agents, has the power to re-write the Rules of Professional Conduct (RPC) for Legal Practitioners in Nigeria.

Rule 39 of our RPC declares that “a lawyer may engage in any advertisement or promotion in connection with his practice of the law”. How can BOSAN then prohibit Senior Advocates from any form of advertisement that promotes lawyer’s services. Rule 39 RPC clearly permits all lawyers in Nigeria to promote their services or businesses. And that is the right thing to do in 2025 civilization.

Before we enacted the RPC in 2007 which is now RPC 2023, the Bar held several workshops and debates at NBA annual conferences and agreed that it was time to advertise though with some restrictions. Late Justice Dr. Orojo who put up the initial draft that later became the RPC 2007 had, following this development included advertisement in the Rules. Rule 39 was copied from the American Bar Association’s (ABA) Model Rule of 1974. ABA has since made more progress on advertisement. 1974 is about 50 years ago! In the ABA current Model Rule 7.2- Communications Concerning a Lawyer’s Services, Rule 7.2(a) simply declares that “A lawyer may communicate information regarding the lawyer’s services through any media.” And the major limitation to the ABA model advertisement rule (apart from prohibiting payment to any person that recommends a lawyer’s service) is Rule 7.1 that declares that “A lawyer shall not make a false or misleading communication about the lawyer or the lawyer’s services. A communication is false or misleading if it contains a material misrepresentation of fact or law or omits a fact necessary to make the statement considered as a whole not materially misleading.”

Our Rule 39 that permits every lawyer to advertise in Nigeria is only limited by the following:

  1. The advertisement must be fair and proper in all circumstances – R 39(1)(a)
  2. The advertisement must not be inaccurate or likely to mislead- R 39(2)(a)
  3. It must not be likely to diminish public confidence in the legal profession, or administration of justice or otherwise bring the legal profession into disrepute- R 39(2)(b)
  4. It must not make comparison with or criticise other lawyers or other professions or professionals- R.39(2)(c)
  5. It cannot include statement about the quality of the lawyer’s work, the size or success of his practice or success rate- R.39(2)(d)
  6. It cannot be so frequent or obstructive as to cause annoyance to those to whom it is directed- R.39(2)(e)
  7. No lawyer can engage in any form of solicitation- R.39(3)

BOSAN’s notice bans what it calls “adulatory” publications. Adulatory, meaning “excessively praising “ will surely violate Rules 39(2)(d) and 39(3) of the RPC, but that is not the words of the RPC. The advertisement that is not permitted under the RPC is clearly spelt out by the Bar Council in our RPC.

The interesting thing in the BOSAN notice is that it seems that in banning advertisement by SANs, it still goes ahead to authorise advertisement via websites and social media so long as the advertisement is not “in a manner that is inconsistent with the principles and ethics of the legal profession”. The principles and ethics of the profession in relation to advertisement are clearly spelt out in the RPC. They are not imaginary. If you look through most lawyer’s websites including many SANs, they violate our rules on advertisement.

My advice is that the mentioned BOSAN Ethics Committee should take their member’s websites “one by one” and advise each person or firm. BOSAN cannot rewrite our Rules of Professional Conduct.

Prof Ernest Ojukwu, SAN
[email protected]
16th Jan 2025

[Register Now] 2025 NBA AGC Early Bird registration closes in 43 days

In just 43 days the Early Bird registration window will close. Hurry now and register to attend the Nigerian Bar Association 2025 Annual General Conference. The early bird registration discount window closes on February 28th!

The NBA AGC is an annual event dedicated to exploring the latest developments in law and providing participants with the highest-level insights from leading experts in the field.
How to Register:
To register for the conference, please follow the simple step-by-step guide below:

  1. Visit the registration portal at https://agc.nigerianbar.org.ng/register/event.
  2. Click on “Register”.
  3. Select the “Individual” option.
  4. Input your details as prompted.
  5. Preview your details for accuracy.
  6. An email verification link will be sent to your registered email address (please check your spam folder if you do not see the email in your inbox).
  7. Proceed to login using the verified details.
  8. Click on “Make Payment” to complete your registration.
  9. Once payment is made, you will receive a receipt and a confirmation email.

Important Notes:
• Your Supreme Court Number (SCN) will serve as your unique identifier throughout the registration and conference process.
• QR codes will also be utilized for verification purposes during the event.
• We urge all registrants to ensure their email details are correctly entered to avoid delays in receiving verification and confirmation emails.

The NBA looks forward to welcoming you to this prestigious event, where critical legal issues and innovations will be discussed, and networking opportunities will abound. Act promptly to secure your participation at early bird rates, which will only be available until February 28, 2025. 

For registration inquiries or further assistance, please contact Sadeeq at: [email protected] or 09129209903(Strictly on Whatsapp).
Register today and join us for an unforgettable 2025 Annual General Conference!
Signed;
Chief Emeka Obegolu SAN, Chairman, AGCPC

Barbara Omosun, Esq.
Secretary AGCPC

President Tinubu commends six Nigerian scientists, engineers honoured by US president Biden

President, Bola Tinubu has applauded six accomplished Nigerian scientists and engineers who have been named among the 400 recipients of the prestigious Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE) in the United States.


The award, established in 1996 by former US President Bill Clinton, is the highest honour granted by the US government to outstanding scientists and engineers in the early stages of their careers.

This year’s recipients, announced by President Joe Biden on January 14, 2025, were selected from 14 US government agencies for their groundbreaking contributions to science, technology and engineering.


The six Nigerians are Azeez Butali, Gilbert Lilly Endowed Professor of Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa; Ijeoma Opara, Associate Professor of Public Health (Social and Behavioral Sciences), Yale School of Public Health, Yale University; and Oluwatomi Akindele, Postdoctoral Researcher, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

Others are Eno Ebong, Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering, Bioengineering, and Biology, Northeastern University; Oluwasanmi Koyejo, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Stanford University; and Abidemi Ajiboye, Executive Vice Chair, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University.


In a statement released on Thursday, January 16 by his Special Adviser on Information and Strategy, President Tinubu praised the honorees for their remarkable achievements.

“The Nigerian leader notes that recognising these exceptional talents underscores Nigerians’ vast potential to excel both at home and on the global stage.

“He looks forward to the honorees sharing their multidisciplinary expertise to benefit Nigeria’s development efforts under the Renewed Hope Agenda,” the statement added.

Tinubu lauds six Nigerian scientists, engineers honoured by US president Joe Biden
Tinubu lauds six Nigerian scientists, engineers honoured by US president Joe Biden

NSPPD 21 Days Fasting and Prayers 16th January 2025 (Day 11 prayer points)

0

NSPPD 21 Days Fasting and Prayers 16th January 2025 – DAY 11 DAY PRAYER POINTS:

MORE FIRE! MORE POWER! MORE STRENGTH! MORE GRACE!

Study/Meditate: 1 Kings 17-18, 2 Kings 2:1-15; 19-22, Matthew 5:13, Luke 10:1-20, Acts 1:1-14, Acts 2, Acts 3:1-11

Declare:
2025: MORE FIRE! Yes!
MORE POWER! Amen!
MORE STRENGTH! It is done!
MORE GRACE! Hallelujah!

Abba, rend the heavens—I am ready! I refuse to be less; I refuse to settle! 2025 is that year, and I know You will use me to do great and mighty things. Lord, here I am. Fill me with more of You! Whatever I need, pour it out! (Isaiah 64:1)

2025: Away with the ashes, in with fresh fire!
Every new day of 2025, I burn hotter and shine brighter. No more ashes on my altar—FIRE!
(Leviticus 6:13)

I carry Zoe! The breath and life of God are at work in me. I am not ordinary—I am powerful, I am supernatural! I wake up the giftings inside of me and go forth to do exploits for God’s Kingdom.
(Daniel 11:32b)

2025 arrived with new demands, new assignments, and new instructions. I refuse to function in a new year with old oil. El-Roi, here in Your presence, drain me of every old oil. Anoint me afresh for all I need to become in 2025! (Psalm 92:10)

As it was with Samson and Delilah… Demonic connections, mistakes, and weaknesses that cause men to lose strength in seasons of their greatest exploits—I am not your candidate, FIRE!
(Judges 16:19–20)

I belong to the Salt Generation rising in 2025.
We give taste to a distasteful world; we bring turnaround, healing, and revival! Lord, as I pray and study Your Word, don’t let me show up the same. By the chains of encounters this January, repackage me into that NEW CRUISE I need for my emergence! (Matthew 5:13, 2 Kings 2:20–21)

2025: This is that year of burning bush encounters!
Abba, invade me! Stop me on my tracks, no matter how far gone I am on my present level. Interrupt me with greater manifestations of Your presence—restructure, realign, reawaken, revive, and reintroduce me into a greater path of purpose fulfillment. (Exodus 3:2–4)

My time has come for another measure of glory, a higher level of Your power, and a greater manifestation of Your Spirit. God of wonders, on the chariots of fire, move me into that new season! (Haggai 2:9, 2 Kings 2:11-12)

2025 is a year of MORE, and El-Roi started with me!
January arrived with MORE Fire, Power, Strength, and Grace! As I journey through the year, no month will leave me less than the previous. Powers of hell that cause men to deplete and diminish—I am not your candidate. FIRE! (Proverbs 4:18)

The Answer Is Jesus! As I journey into more of Him, I grow in grace. As I rise higher in revelation of Him, I rise in power! By reason of His presence with me, I am a moving FIRE. My possibilities are limitless! No power of hell can stop me—FIRE! (2 Peter 3:18, Romans 8:31)

The season I prayed for is here! My season of FIRE, POWER, and GRACE! I arise in the volume of books written of me. January, get up and go to work! Whatever I need to move from prophecy to manifestation in 2025, deliver it by FIRE! (Psalm 40:7)

I carry evidence of a new season of relevance.
The mantle is on me. I discern the times, I am loaded with the needed capacity, I wage a good warfare, I enforce my dominion, and I take my place. (1 Timothy 1:18)

2025: Launch me into back-to-back upper-room encounters! Move me into new realms of the Spirit. Let my appetite change, let hunger rise, let fresh fire fall, and let the giant in me arise! Opposing forces against my new season—FIRE! (Acts 2, Joel 2)

Men and women of faith are rising, and I am one of them! Fear, unbelief, and doubt—NO SPACE! I love the Word of God. I speak the Word, I live on the Word, and I act on the Word. I carry mega testimonies that declare: What God Cannot Do Does Not Exist! (Jeremiah 32:17)

__(Call your name)__Thus saith the Lord unto you:
“For your sake will I not hold my peace, and for your sake I will not rest, until the righteousness thereof goes forth as brightness, and the salvation thereof as a lamp that burns.”
Isaiah 62:1 (KJV)

See Also: NSPPD 21 Days Fasting and Prayers 15th January 2025 (Day 10 prayer points)

See Also: NSPPD 21 Days Fasting and Prayers 14th January 2025 (Day 9 prayer points)

See Also: NSPPD 21 Days Fasting and Prayers 13th January 2025 (Day 8 prayer points)

See Also: NSPPD 21 Days Fasting and Prayers 12th January 2025 (Day 7 prayer points)

See Also: NSPPD 21 Days Fasting and Prayers 11th January 2025 (Day 6 Prayer points)

See Also: NSPPD 21 days fasting and prayer, 10th January 2025 (Day 5 prayer points)

See Also: NSPPD 21 days fasting and prayer, 9th January 2025 (Day 4 prayer points)

See Also: NSPPD 21 days fasting and prayer, 8th January 2025 (Day 3 prayer points)

See Also: NSPPD 21 Days fasting and prayer, 7th January 2025 (Day 2 prayer points)

See Also: NSPPD 21 Days fasting and prayer, 6th January 2025 (Day 1) prayer points)

Some of our colleagues are deceiving clients, causing problems in the country, Kano can’t have two emirs —Falana

Senior Advocate of Nigeria and rights lawyer, Femi Falana on Wednesday stressed that Kano State can only have one emir as declared by the Court of Appeal and that the 16th emir of Kano has come to stay despite the tribulations.

Falana who made the disclosure in a viral video at the 21st Memorial Lecture of Chief Gani Fawehimi held in Lagos added that some lawyers are deceiving their clients, thereby causing problems in the country.

“But for us as lawyers, when we are gathered there, we must tell ourselves some basic truths. Your Majesty, we want to congratulate you on your victory in the Court of Appeal.

“Your opponents say they are going to the Supreme Court as far as the law is concerned and it is so certain and this is where the NBA must come in.

“Where the law has been settled that the traditional institution is not a fundamental right matter. So, you can’t say as a traditional ruler, you are going to enforce your fundamental rights in court.

“Two, the court again has made the point that the federal high court has no jurisdiction in chieftaincy matters. So, if some of our colleagues are deceiving their clients and they are causing problems in the country, the NBA owes it a duty to begin to intervene and call our colleagues to order.

“Your majesty, wherever they are going, whether to the Supreme Court or whatever, you have come to stay. And we must only have one emir in Kano. We can’t have two Emirs in Kano, and two speakers in Rivers. This confusion must stop,” Falana added.

Sam Amadi alleges that INEC, judiciary destroyed Nigeria’s 2023 election

An Associate Professor of Law and Director of the Abuja School of Social and Political Thoughts, Dr Sam Amadi, has accused the Independent National Electoral Commission, INEC, and the judiciary of destroying the 2023 general election in Nigeria.

The social critic and rights activist who was a former Executive Chairman of the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission, NERC, expressed concern over the political strategy in Nigeria, which he said is all about bribing INEC, the judiciary, and the security.

In a video sighted by DAILY POST on Friday, the ex-NERC boss averred that when an agency created under the law, with enabling act, make rules, those rules become law.

Amadi stressed that such an agency can only unmake it through rule making process, if not it will be bound to obey it.

“Let me say this, and I’m going to be very clear. In every country, election is one of the strategies. So in US today you see the policy people thinking around, mapping constituencies.

“In Nigeria as well, election is one of the strategies. And the strategy in Nigeria is very simple: bribe INEC, bribe the judiciary, and come and dear the security and you are done.

“The people that destroyed 2023 election is INEC and the judiciary. The rules were clear. The electoral act isn’t perfect but it is very clear.

“I’m surprised that any judge who understands administrative law, which I have taught in the university for many years, which I studied under the best in the world, would argue that an internal regulation built on law and an act, a regulation directing that you will do an ‘X’ you can choose to do ‘Y’, when there’s a legitimate expectation and detrimental reliance. INEC was totally wrong. And the courts – Supreme Court downwards got it wrong.

“When an agency created under the law with enabling act, and the constitution says you can make rules, those rules are law. They can unmake it through rulemaking process. If they don’t, they are bound to obey it.

“Results should have been transmitted electronically. I am ashamed. I have a PhD in law. I can stand anywhere in the world to dispute with the brightest. I am ashamed that the court affirmed that INEC could just walk away from the law,” he said.