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COVID-19: Universities Are Ready To Resume — Union

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The National Co-ordinator, Congress of University Academics (CONUA), Dr ‘Niyi Sunmonu, on Saturday said its members were ready to resume work.

Sunmonu said this in a statement he issued after its National Executive Council meeting and made available to newsmen on Saturday in Lagos.

He urged the Federal Government to reopen universities and put in place infrastructure and COVID-19 protocols that would facilitate resumption in the institutions.

The News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) reports that CONUA was an association of lecturers from five universities following cracks in the Association of Senior Staff of Universities (ASUU).

The new Union was announced at the end of its stakeholders’ forum at Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU) in October 2019.

”CONUA members are ready to resume work.

”Everything necessary in terms of COVID-19 protocols must be put in place before reopening the universities in order to prevent students and staff from contracting the disease.

”The education sector cannot continue to stagnate. As it appears, COVID-19 would continue to be a threat and we must, in the circumstance, learn to strive to lead our normal life

”The Union urges the government to make available everything that can help our universities to resume work as it is being done elsewhere in the world,” he said.

Sunmonu said CONUA condemned the intimidation and harassment of some of its members by some university administrations and other unions within the university system.

He said that freedom of association as entrenched in the Nigerian constitution, a provision which allowed every academic the freedom to join any union of his or her choice.

”No amount of molestation or vilification can take the union away from the path of progressive unionism.

”Adequate measures, as far as the law and constitution of Nigeria permits, will be taken against anyone who is using intimidation or employing any other odious means to threaten our members,” he said.

Sunmonu lauded university administrations which held meetings to promote academic staff members during the COVID-19 lockdown.

‘The union received information that some universities held Senate meetings and Congregation elections, but refused to convene any meeting to carry out promotion of its members, simply because some people threatened that such promotions, if ever announced, will be reversed.

”CONUA leadership feels outraged by such pronouncements and expresses its resolve to support any effort by university administrations to facilitate the due promotion of academic staff members.’’

NAN reports that members of the new union were Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife; Ambrose Alli University (AAU), Ekpoma; Federal University, Oye Ekiti (FUOYE); Federal University, Lokoja (FUL) and Kwara State University (KWASU), Molete.

Sunmonu said the union was formed for standard of education to be very high and for a stable academic calendar. (NAN)

BREAKING: Brazil’s court removes Rio governor over corruption

Brazil’s High Court of Justice has removed Rio de Janeiro Governor, Wilson Witzel, from office on Friday, 28/08/2020 as police raided his official residence in a probe into accusations he stole emergency funds to fight the coronavirus pandemic.

The raids also targeted the far-right governor’s wife and inner circle.

Among those arrested was Pastor Everaldo, an evangelical preacher and leader of Witzel’s Christian Social Party.

Helicopters circled over the stately governor’s residence, Laranjeiras Palace, starting at dawn as federal police executed a sweeping series of search and seizure orders and arrest warrants.

The court ruling suspends Witzel, 52, from office for at least 180 days as authorities investigate claims he took a reported 274.2 million reals ($50 million) in kickbacks.

Prosecutors say Witzel, an erstwhile ally of President Jair Bolsonaro, set up a slush fund for bribes as soon as he took office in January 2019.

The investigation is mainly focused on allegations his administration stole emergency funds for field hospitals, ventilators and medicine to fight the new coronavirus.

Rio is second only to Sao Paulo in infections and deaths from the virus in Brazil, which is in turn the country hit second-hardest in the world, after the United States, with nearly 3.8 million cases and 120,000 people dead.

38-year-old father defiles daughter from age 1 till 4 when he cuts her vagina with scissors for easy entry

In Ikot Ofon Ikono, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State Nigeria, Peter Sunday Etim 38 years, defiled his daughter from when she was one year old till now that she is four.

When she turned four, he used scissors to cut up her Vagina for easy entry. In a telephone interview with the girl’s mother, Emem Peter Etim, mother of 3, she admitted that her husband started fingering the daughter Ubokobong Peter Sunday since she was one year old, she had cautioned him to stop but he never did until last week when he used scissors to cut up her VAGINA for easy entry and she could take it anymore and had to report to the police. On why she kept quiet from the first day, Emem said she hoped that he would change but cutting her VAGINA became the last straw for her. On what medical treatment the baby has received, Emem said she has not received any because she can’t afford it but only uses boiled water and made her sit on it. He’s currently the police custody.

Types of Law Enforcement Agencies

U.S. Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

There are 65 U.S. federal agencies and 27 offices of inspector general that employ full time personnel authorized to make arrests and carry firearms. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, in 2008 the largest employers of federally employed officers were U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Federal Bureau of Prisons, the FBI, and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, each with over 15,000 full-time law enforcement. Federal officers’ duties include police response and patrol, criminal investigation and enforcement, inspections, security and protection, court operations, and corrections.

State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies

There are more than 17,000 state and local law enforcement agencies in the United States, ranging in size from one officer to more than 30,000. Many of these are municipal police departments operated by local governments, but there are actually several types of law enforcement agencies.

  • Local Police includes municipal, county, tribal, and regional police that derive authority from the local governing body that created it. The primary purpose is to uphold the laws of the jurisdiction, provide patrol, and investigate local crimes.
  • State Police / Highway Patrol – State police often perform police duties to include highway patrol and statewide investigations. Some states have only highway patrol with investigative functions covered by a separate entity such as a state bureau of investigation. State police assist local police with investigations and emergencies that extend beyond the resources and jurisdictional boundaries of the local agency.
  • Special Jurisdiction Police – Officers for special jurisdictions provide police services for defined entities or areas within another jurisdiction. These include parks, schools, transportation assets (e.g., airports, subways), hospitals, housing authorities, and government buildings. Special jurisdiction police are generally full-service departments, offering the same services as local police.
  • Deputy Sheriffs – Generally sheriff’s offices are granted authority by the state to enforce state law at the local county level. Deputies commonly run the local jail, serve warrants and court summons, and respond to calls for service in areas outside local police jurisdictions.

Law Enforcement Accreditation

While not a type of law enforcement agency, one designation to look for when evaluating departments is CALEA Accreditation.

CALEA, which stands for the Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies, is the international authority on law enforcement standards.  The Commission offers several prestigious credentialing programs for public safety agencies, including Law Enforcement, Public Safety Communications, and Public Safety Training Academy Accreditation.

CALEA Law Enforcement Accreditation is a voluntary program open to all types of law enforcement agencies. Accreditation involves the systematic review of an agency’s policies and procedures against CALEA’s internationally accepted Standards for Law Enforcement Agencies©. These standards reflect the current thinking and experience of law enforcement practitioners and researchers, and are considered benchmarks for modern law enforcement agencies.

There are currently over 800 law enforcement agencies enrolled in the CALEA Law Enforcement Accreditation Program and over 600 law enforcement agencies in the U.S. are accredited.

For more information on CALEA, or to find a list of accredited agencies, visit www.calea.org.

discoverpolicing

Between Fani Kayode and Ladoja Senator Ladoja is a dullard- Wale Ojo – Lanre


Venue: Board Room, Nigerian Tribune
Mission: Ladoja Gubernatorial Campaign Media Interaction

Question: Senator Ladoja, you look so dull, drab, unattractive unintelligent, and without colour, do you think a dullard like you can be a reasonable governor of Oyo state where sharper minds have tried unsuccessfully?
The whole hall went into mute session. The late Egbon Bola Alphonso who was one of his campaign coordinators unconsciously uttered ‘Haaa Ojo- Lanre ‘
For a minute, it was a graveyard eerie silence.
Senator Ladoja looked up and smiled
” Ojo – Lanre, thank you for your question. True, I am not a handsome man by my look, I don’t labour much before a lady fall for me. You know my wives are cute. Check them out. “
And if you think I am dull and unintelligent, Ojo- Lanre, you are correct but you will agree with me that, Olivet High, Oyo is one of the best secondary schools in Nigeria with a strict form of admission to their schools particularly when you want to join them at Class four, I was the first to be admitted to join at class four because I was so dull and unintelligent.
And also, my being an unintelligent fellow helped me to pass all my subjects with As which forced the Federal Government to buffet me with a FG Scholarship to Belgium to study Petroleum Engineering.’…
” Also, I have used my inattractive to run intercontinental maritime companies successfully since I went into private endeavours”
……….. deafening applause for a wise man
I quickly ran to the Computers department to supervise my pages.
Ladoja who toured the Tribune met me at the Computer Section, shook my hand and looked at my face and said
” Ojo – Lanre, I like the way you forced me to blow my trumpet. I respect your style’
..And since that day we have been friends
Background
Exposure
Being brought up properly
Mental health
Native intelligent
Proper education
Values orientation
All matters in the affairs of men
Senator Ladoja is a great man
You can only give what you have
Don’t blame Femi Fani Kayode
Bibire ko se fowo ra

The order of things

By Obadiah Mailafia

There was, uhmm, a storm in a tea cup the other day. It involved, shall we say, yours sincerely. Life itself, as I’m sure my gentle readers would agree, is a risk. Once in a while you have to wager some big risks.

The philosopher Aristotle famously declared that for you to have absolutely no enemies, you have to say nothing, do nothing and be nothing. I chose to say something. And for that, the blood hounds are out for me.

I have done the sums. Existential choices come with big risks. Some of the fascista who call themselves journalists were howling like wolves under the full moon. They ridiculed my testimony and poured scorn on my academic qualifications. “Obadiah Mailafia’s outrageous falsehood”;

“With Oxford PhDs like Mailafia”;…on and on they ranted. A small fortune has been paid for my head. I know the powerful forces behind the murder plot. I have even been told the vehicles they have been given for that diabolical mission. I have transmitted all that data to the right quarters.

I fear no man. I fear only God. They will fail woefully. Because I am not alone. Because they of the flaming swords are with me. He who keeps Israel will neither slumber nor sleep. Jehovah El-Elyon is with me. The Lion of the Tribe of Judah is my Redeemer and my Defender.I will not die; I shall live to glorify the Lord my God.

Judged by the order of eternity, the fitful drama of our puny lives is but a paltry thing. Like the play of ants beside a giant oak tree.They will surely gather, but it shall not be for me. Those who live by the sword will perish by the sword. They will drink their own blood and eat their own flesh.

Our venerable ancestors taught us that there are certain trees in the forest that you do not dare to cut down. You will die in the process of trying. “Touch not my anointed and do my prophets no harm,” says the Lord!

Before heaven, I stand by my testimony; knowing, as the English playwright William Shakespeare declared long ago, that cowards die a thousand deaths before their time.

If I had desired the worldly preferments that our ruling elites wouldkill for, I would have kept my mouth shut. But I dared to speak truth to power. Because my conscience will not allow me to rest. Because of the Joseph and Daniel anointing upon my life. Because of the heart-breaking suffering around me.

The power, pomp and pageantry of this world leave me defiant and unbowed. I am, by a nature, a very private person. My happiest life is to stay alone in my study, consorting with the ancient sages while listening to Bach, Handel, Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert and Vivaldi.

I have vowed to follow the path of all the Eastern Stars, until I die. A priest forever of the Order of Melchizedek!

There is, if truth be told, a great dis-order under heaven. Things are not right. The omens are looking very bad. From Daura to Katsina; from Zamfara to Birnin Gwari; from Southern Kaduna to Plateau, Benue, Adamawa, Niger and Borno; thousands of innocent women, children and elderly are being killed by murderous insurgents, marauding bandits and genocidal herdsmen. The ogre is spreading across the Great River and threatening to engulf our entire country.

The other week, a woman from my homeland was on her way to her farm with her three children when the bandits set upon her. Her children we…
[10:27 pm, 28/08/2020] Miss Lillian: Opinion
[10:32 pm, 28/08/2020] Miss Lillian: Between Fani Kayode and Ladoja Senator Ladoja is a dullard- Wale Ojo – Lanre
Venue: Board Room, Nigerian Tribune
Mission: Ladoja Gubernatorial Campaign Media Interaction

Question: Senator Ladoja, you look so dull, drab, unattractive unintelligent, and without colour, do you think a dullard like you can be a reasonable governor of Oyo state where sharper minds have tried unsuccessfully?
The whole hall went into mute session. The late Egbon Bola Alphonso who was one of his campaign coordinators unconsciously uttered ‘Haaa Ojo- Lanre ‘
For a minute, it was a graveyard eerie silence.
Senator Ladoja looked up and smiled
” Ojo – Lanre, thank you for your question. True, I am not a handsome man by my look, I don’t labour much before a lady fall for me. You know my wives are cute. Check them out. “
And if you think I am dull and unintelligent, Ojo- Lanre, you are correct but you will agree with me that, Olivet High, Oyo is one of the best secondary schools in Nigeria with a strict form of admission to their schools particularly when you want to join them at Class four, I was the first to be admitted to join at class four because I was so dull and unintelligent.
And also, my being an unintelligent fellow helped me to pass all my subjects with As which forced the Federal Government to buffet me with a FG Scholarship to Belgium to study Petroleum Engineering.’…
” Also, I have used my inattractive to run intercontinental maritime companies successfully since I went into private endeavours”
……….. deafening applause for a wise man
I quickly ran to the Computers department to supervise my pages.
Ladoja who toured the Tribune met me at the Computer Section, shook my hand and looked at my face and said
” Ojo – Lanre, I like the way you forced me to blow my trumpet. I respect your style’
..And since that day we have been friends
Background
Exposure
Being brought up properly
Mental health
Native intelligent
Proper education
Values orientation
All matters in the affairs of men
Senator Ladoja is a great man
You can only give what you have
Don’t blame Femi Fani Kayode
Bibire ko se fowo ra

Enugu massacre: Dismiss and investigate CP Abdurrahman – Intersociety writes Police Service Commission

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Abuja (Sundiata Post) – International Society for Civil Liberties & the Rule of Law (Intersociety), has written the Police Service Commission to dismiss  Enugu State Police Commissioner, CP Ahmad Abdurrahman and also carry a thorough investigation over his role in the massacre of dozens of unarmed citizens at the Community High School Field and environs, located in Emene in Enugu East Local Government Area of Enugu State in the crudest form of ‘butchery policing’ when he incompetently mismanaged the incident and turned same into a war theatre and killing field of “the war-like armed versus the defenselessly unarmed”.

Intersociety also alleged that he not only ordered the massacre but also usurped the powers of the Executive Governor and Chief Security Officer of Enugu State. This the CP did by unlawfully and unconventionally deploying the State’s Security Joint Taskforce-JTF (comprising soldiers, air force, SSS and various police crack squads, etc). By law and convention, it is only the Governor of Enugu State that can deploy same under situations of extreme complex security threats (i.e. bloody inter communal conflict).

The group in a statement signed byEmeka Umeagbalasi, Chair of the Board, Lawyer Amaka Damaris Onuoha and Lawyer Obianuju Joy Igboeli sent to Sundiata Post noted that the crude and butchery deployment of armed soldiers, air force, SSS and various police crack squads by CP Ahmad Abdulrrahman escalated the shootings and killings and turned same into a massacre.

According to the statement, “Apart from his manifest bias and perceived crude and hate policing method applied, the CP recklessly abused his office and power, contrary to Section 15 (5) of the Constitution when he unilaterally and magisterially undermined the status of the Enugu Gov as “the chief security officer of Enugu State” and “chairman and capital financier of the State’s Joint Security Taskforce or JTF”.

The group was of the view that a well trained, intelligent, unbiased and ethno-religiously secular CP should not have acted the way he did including deployment of war-like soldiers and police officers and ordering them to shoot and kill defenseless citizens at close range.

The statement reads in full:

International Society for Civil Liberties & the Rule of Law is a leading research and investigative human rights organization, campaigning for promotion and advancement of civil liberties & rule of law, democracy and governance accountability and public or citizens’ security and safety. Intersociety is led by professionals and grassroots activists including criminologists, security studies experts, lawyers, journalists and peace and conflict resolution practitioners, etc. See our website for more details at www.intersociety-ng.org.

1.       Our writing Your Commission is to formally bring the attention of same to Black Sunday Massacre of dozens of unarmed citizens at the Community High School Field and environs, located in Emene in Enugu East Local Government Area of Enugu State, Eastern Nigeria. The massacred and the injured included sports enthusiasts engaging in various sporting activities in the School’s Premises or Field. The sporting activities include football, gymnastics, martial arts, volley ball, physical fitness exercises, etc; as well as those in church services and leisure and mental rehearsal activists, etc. The war-like shootings and killings had violently disrupted various church services involving Catholic Church and Pentecostals; forcing the converged and the converging to run helter skelter in a bid to doge and escape from raining police and military live bullets.

2.       The shootings and killings were professionally and secularly avoidable but owing to crude, unprofessional, hate and racial policing applied in the instant case, the reverse was brutally the case. For instance, the SSS, instigator of the massacre, acted crudely unprofessional in its so called “gathered intelligence” by playing the role of “jack of all trades and master of none”. The Enugu State Police Commissioner, CP Ahmad Abdurrahman, manifested the crudest form of ‘butchery policing’ when he incompetently mismanaged the incident and turned same into a war theatre and killing field of “the war-like armed versus the defenselessly unarmed”. He not only ordered the massacre but also usurped the powers of the Executive Governor and Chief Security Officer of Enugu State. This the CP did by unlawfully and unconventionally deploying the State’s Security Joint Taskforce-JTF (comprising soldiers, air force, SSS and various police crack squads,etc). By law and convention, it is only the Governor of Enugu State that can deploy same under situations of extreme complex security threats (i.e. bloody inter communal conflict).

3.       Contrary to Police and SSS reports, independent eyewitnesses including residents of the area factually and believably disclosed that the Community High School Field had for years played host to various categories of sports enthusiasts and leisure and mental rehearsal activists including children who gathered every Sunday for the referenced purposes. Joining them are different Pentecostal Church congregants and those of the nearby St Joseph Catholic Church who conduct their Sunday church services.

4.       But last Sunday, 23rd August 2020, armed SSS personnel stormed the School Premises and violently disrupted clusters of persons assembling peacefully including some pro Biafra activists and religionists engaging in civil sporting activities such as martial arts and foot balling. The violence used had included violent arrest and firing of live bullets at close range with intent to massacre as administratively ordered or directed; leading to those bearing anti-bullet charms withstanding same and refusing to run. Live bullets fired at close range by SSS personnel eventually hit and felled some “ordinary” or non-anti-bullets charm bearers, leading to angers and tempers rising to a boiling proportion, forcing the SSS personnel to retreat. The crude and butchery deployment of armed soldiers, air force, SSS and various police crack squads by CP Ahmad Abdulrrahman escalated the shootings and killings and turned same into a massacre.

5.       Attached for more details is our statement on the issue, dated 25th August 2020: Emene Massacre: Handiwork Of Racial Profiling, Criminal Labeling & Crude Policing (…this is 5th Anniversary and 15th massacre since August 2015 with over 500 deaths and 550 injured):  http://intersociety-ng.org/component/k2/item/564-emene-massacre. Also see a detailed report by Punch Newspaper: Bloody Sunday in Enugu as Security Agents Hunting for ‘IPOB’ Killed Unarmed People. Dated 27thAugust 2020,the link to the report is here: https://punchng.com/bloody-sunday-in-enugu-as-security-agents-hunting-for-ipob-kill-unarmed-people/?utm_term=Autofeed&utm_medium=Social&utm_source=Facebook&fbclid=IwAR2SoXZGGm0R1frflujnJTJ-H2hC-gKKxz6lS1PNRnuNeVkSRumL-fnOzWA#Echobox=1598514764

6.       Therefore, our writing Your Commission, Sir, is in line with powers and duties vested on same  by Sections 6(1) of the Police Service Commission Act of 2004 and 153 (m) of the 1999 Constitution as amended and its Paragraph 30 of Pat 1 of the Third Schedule. By the provision of Paragraph 30 under Section 153 in the Part 1 of the Third Schedule to the 1999 Constitution, the Police Service Commission under you, Sir, is constitutionally empowered to: (a) appoint persons to offices other than the office of the Inspector General of Police in the Nigeria Police Force; and (b) dismiss and exercise disciplinary control over persons holding any office referred to in sub-paragraph (a) of this Paragraph (other than the IGP). The persons holding such offices are all sworn or serving members of the Nigeria Police Force, from Constable to Deputy Inspector General of Police including CP Ahmad Abdurrahman, Commissioner of Police Enugu State Command.

7.       Sworn Particulars Of CP Ahmad Abdurrahman: He is known to the Nigeria Police Force as “AHMAD ABDURRAHMAN” with NPF entrance number: AP36623 and number 57 in the list of NPF Senior Officers: IGP-ACP. Officially born on 12th August 1963 (57-year-old) in Kirfi, Bauchi State with Fulani Muslim background, CP Abdurrahman holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Political Science and joined the NPF on 3rd March 1990 and was promoted to Commissioner of Police on 7th June 2018. He was made CP, Intelligence, FIB, Abuja on 1st May 2019 and presently Commissioner of Police, Enugu State Police Command. He will be due for retirement on 12thAugust 2023. 

8.       CP Ahmad Abdurrahman Should Be Dismissed: We hereby strongly demand for thorough investigation over his role in the massacre. He should also be dismissed from the Nigeria Police Force. Apart from his manifest bias and perceived crude and hate policing method applied, the CP recklessly abused his office and power, contrary to Section 15 (5) of the Constitution when he unilaterally and magisterially undermined the status of the Enugu Gov as “the chief security officer of Enugu State” and “chairman and capital financier of the State’s Joint Security Taskforce or JTF”. A well trained, intelligent, unbiased and ethno-religiously secular CP should not have acted the way he did including deployment of war-like soldiers and police officers and ordering them to shoot and kill defenseless citizens at close range.

Condemn The Death Of Two Igbo SSS Operatives: We also strongly condemn the reported death during the massacre of two SSS operatives who are of Igbo extraction including one who hailed from Afikpo North LGA of Ebonyi State. Intersociety is strongly opposed to all forms of deaths or killings outside the law including killing of security personnel and unarmed citizens. However, by convention, it is better for ‘ten weaponized security agents to die than to lose an innocent and defenseless citizen’.

We are looking forward to this letter receiving expeditious and just attention.

Yours in the Service to Humanity

For: Int’l Society for Civil Liberties & Rule of Law

Emeka Umeagbalasi, Chair of the Board

Criminologist & Graduate of Security Studies

Master of Science, Peace Studies & Conflict Resolution

 Lawyer Amaka Damaris Onuoha

Head, Campaign & Publicity

Lawyer Obianuju Joy Igboeli

Head, Civil Liberties & Rule of Law Program

Sundiata

How is the Controller-General of Nigerian Correctional Service Appointed?

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Daily Law Tips (Tip 633) by Onyekachi Umah, Esq., LL.M, ACIArb(UK)

There are no prisons in Nigeria! Yes, prisons in Nigeria are now Correctional Centers, following a statutory change of name in mid 2019. The former Nigerian Prisons Service is now the Nigerian Correctional Service, headed by a Controller-General. Following the enactment of a new federal law in 2019 (ie, Nigerian Correctional Service Act 2019), laudable changes were ushered into the Nigerian Correctional Service; they include the introduction of non-custodial services/measures and a self-purging mechanism that allows Correctional Centers to reject prospective inmates when full to capacity (out of space). 

The Controller- General of Nigerian Correctional Service is the man/woman that must superintend over all correctional services, both custodial and non custodial. He/She must prepare yearly plans for custodial and non custodial services as well as deploy officers. And, also create platform for interfacing with criminal justice institutions, while He/She performs duties and exercise powers vested by Administration of Criminal Justice Act. 

The President of Federal Republic of Nigeria has powers to appoint the Controller-General of the Nigerian Correctional Service (NCS) upon the recommendation of the Board and subject to the confirmation by the Senate. An appointee must be one out of the serving Assistant Controller-Generals of the Nigerian Correctional Service, who have attended and performed satisfactorily on mandatory courses and field command positions, with vast experience in correctional management and service as well as good leadership and track record in the NCS.  

My authorities are:

  1. Sections 1, 3, 46 and 47 of the Nigerian Correctional Service Act, 2019.

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Speak with the writer, ask questions or make inquiries on this topic or any other via [email protected] or [email protected] or +2348037665878. To receive our free Daily Law Tips, follow our Facebook Page:@LearnNigerianLaws, Instagram: @LearnNigerianLaws and Twitter: @LearnNigeriaLaw

Please share this publication for free till it gets to those that need it most. Save a Nigerian today! NOTE: Sharing, modifying or publishing this publication without giving credit to Onyekachi Umah, Esq. and “LearnNigerianLaws.com” is a criminal breach of copyright and will be prosecuted.

This publication is the writer’s view not a legal advice and does not create any form of relationship. You may reach the writer for more information.

Powered by www.LearnNigerianLaws.com {A Free Law Awareness Program of Sabi Law Foundation, supported by the law firm of Bezaleel Chambers International (BCI).}

Minimum Number of Guests for Marriages in Nigeria.

Daily Law Tips (Tip 632) by Onyekachi Umah, Esq., LL.M, ACIArb(UK)

English marriage is highly regulated in Nigeria, from venue and time to the number of witnesses that must be present. By the way, there are two types of marriages in Nigeria; English Marriage and Customary Marriage. Customary marriage (Traditional, Native, Cultural marriage or Pure religious/church marriage without government notices) is a marriage conducted according to the native law and customs which often allows a man to marry more than one wife. English marriage (Statutory, Court or Registry marriage) is a marriage between one man and a woman in accordance with the federal government laws and policies on marriage.

In English marriage there is a minimum number of witnesses that must be present before a marriage will be valid. This is because, unlike courtship/friendship, marriage must be conducted and known to more persons part from the couple and the Clergy/Minister/Registrar conducting the marriage. The federal law that regulates English marriage in Nigeria, is the Marriage Act; made since 31 December 1914.

After issuance and expiration of valid marriage notices at a Marriage Registry, an English marriage can then be conducted by a Registrar of Marriage or a Minister/Clergy of a recognised church/religious denomination in the presence of at least two (2) witnesses, excluding the Registrar/Minister himself. Marriage must be conducted only in the office of a Registrar of marriage or licensed place of worship/any other licensed place. And, marriage must be conducted between the hours of 8.00 am and 6.00 pm if in a licensed place of worship, or between the hours of 10.00 am and 4.00 pm with open doors if in a Marriage Registry/court.

My authorities are:

1. Sections 1, 21, 27, of the Marriage Act 1914.

#SabiLaw

#DailyLawTips

#SabiBusinessLaw

#SabiElectionLaws

#SabiHumanRights

#SabiLawOnBeatFm

#SabiLawLectureSeries

#CriminalJusticeMonday

#SabiLawVideoChallenge

Speak with the writer, ask questions or make inquiries on this topic or any other via [email protected] or [email protected] or +2348037665878. To receive our free Daily Law Tips, follow our Facebook Page:@LearnNigerianLaws, Instagram:@LearnNigerianLaws and Twitter: @LearnNigeriaLaw

Please share this publication for free till it gets to those that need it most. Save a Nigerian today! NOTE: Sharing, modifying or publishing this publication without giving credit to Onyekachi Umah, Esq. and “LearnNigerianLaws.com” is a criminal breach of copyright and will be prosecuted.

This publication is the writer’s view not a legal advice and does not create any form of relationship. You may reach the writer for more information.

Powered by www.LearnNigerianLaws.com {A Free Law Awareness Program of Sabi Law Foundation, supported by the law firm of Bezaleel Chambers International (BCI).}

CAMA 2020 AND RELIGIOUS BODIES: REASONS FOR THE ALARM

The Companies and Allied Matters Act 2020 (“CAMA 2020”) which came into force on 7 August 2020 has been described as long over due, given the many good amendments, the updates and innovations it introduced since it was earlier passed thirty years ago. The bulky piece of legislation contain certain provisions whose core objectives and effects would be better appreciated as time go on with implementation.

Suspension of trustees and appointment of interim managers

One of the new introductions into the CAMA is the provisions seeking to regulate the activities of religious bodies and other associations. Section 839 provides that the Corporate Affairs Commission (“the Commission” or “CAC”) may by order, suspend the trustees of an association or a religious body and appoint an interim manager(s) to coordinate its affairs where it reasonably believes that there has been any misconduct or mismanagement, or to secure the property of the association or religious body (or the application of the property to the objects of the association or religious body), or where the affairs of the association or religious body are being run fraudulently or where it is necessary or desirable for the purpose of public interest.

A look at the provisions clearly shows that an Order is required before the Commission can take the regulatory steps mentioned such as suspension of trustees and appointment of interim manager(s) over the affairs of an association or religious body. The order in question must be an order of a court of competent jurisdiction as Section 839(6) states and not an order by the Registrar-General of CAC or the President of Nigeria.

The process of securing the order would require the filing of an application/petition by way of a motion in court supported by a strong affidavit evidence showing reasons why a suspension order and/or order for appointment of interim managers should be made. The application may be made by the Commission or one-fifth of members of the association or religious body. See Section 839(2). Meanwhile, Section 839(6)(a) states that the suspension cannot last forever as it must not exceed 12 months.

The provisions of Section 839 are robust in that the Section provides for the procedure for the possible suspension and appointment of interim managers. The court, the Commission and members of the association and religious bodies are all involved as stakeholders.

Clearly, the provisions touch on other associations. The extention to religious bodies including the churches is the cause for alarm and below are some of the reasons.

Reasons for alarm

A country where a former Chief Justice of Nigeria (Hon. Justice Walter Samuel Nkanu Onnoghen) was suspended based on an ex parte motion, brought pursuant to no known law or Rules of Court, contrary to the established procedure in the Constitution, calls for attention. Due process does not particularly enjoy a pride of place in Nigeria. Thorough investigation of allegation of facts cannot be guaranteed at all times. The provisions as it pertains to religious bodies pose worries considering the fact that Nigeria is made up of people of diverse religions, predominantly Muslims and Christians. Anything related to religion in Nigeria is considered delicate. The Commission can move against any association and there will not be much problem or agitation. But with religious bodies, care must be taken because matters of faith in Nigeria appears to be a matter of life and death. Recently, Pastor Oyedepo was reported to have expressed his reservations concerning the provisions with some less than accurate information. For example, he inadvertently failed to reckon with the fact that the order for suspension was to be made by a court. In a country where many Southern Christians have concerns over the dominance by Northern Muslims of virtually all sensitive top positions in Government today, there is growing discomfort that cannot be simply wished away. 

The above are some of the reasons it is ordinarily important to avoid certain loopholes that can be easily exploited and to be more circumspect when a religious body is involved. For instance, it ought to be expressly stated in the statute that in the case of religious bodies, an interim manager must be a person who is a member of the faith and shares the same or similar religious beliefs. A Muslim cannot be made to act as interim manager in a church and vice versa. The Catholic Church cannot entertain a pentecostal acting as interim manager and vice versa. The courts are encouraged to exercise high discretion along these lines in the absence of clear express provisions.

Call to action

Beyond the above, the provisions make it clear however that the suspension of trustees and appointment of interim managers is to be invoked where there is misconduct or mismanagement, or where the affairs of the associations or religious bodies are being run fraudulently or where it is necessary or desirable for the purpose of public interest. This means that ordinarily, the State is willing to protect either the association or religious body and even the public as a whole. This is a call for religious bodies and other associations to remain on the path of righteousness and manage their affairs properly like a people who have the fear of God.

No constitutional violation

Let us quickly note that it cannot be safely concluded that the provisions gag freedom of religion. No. So, any agitation in this respect should be jettisoned. Aside the instant provisions, religious bodies are under the authority of the Government. That is why they are all registered with the Commission in the first place. Also, the Government in the wake of Covid-19 banned religious activities and the ban stood. Religious bodies also enjoy the mandate to work hand in hand with the Government. For instance, religious bodies especially the churches assist the Government to administer marriages under the Marriage Act, by issuance of valid Government marriage certificate after the celebration. Religious leaders assist the Government in making certain critical decisions. 

How necessary are the provisions as it pertains to religious bodies?

On a close look, this question is pertinent in that we do not have any report establishing compelling reasons the Government wants to move against or in support religious bodies in this fashion. Whichever way one looks at it. It is common knowledge that religious bodies have effective internal mechanisms for sorting out issues of mismanagement or misconduct, even criminal allegations such as fraud. In appropriate cases, religious bodies will report allegation of criminality to the relevant authority for action. Where Dispute relating to property arises, we have seen religious bodies resort to court for determination of rights. It is submitted that whatever the good wishes of the Government might be in introducing Section 839 to apply to religious bodies, it is unnecessary! The Government should focus her attention to other important areas of governance and manage her own affairs more effectively. 

Conclusion

In view of the foregoing, it is advised that the Government and its agencies should rise up to the occasion and ensure that due process is followed at all times and that the Constitution is respected and upheld. The Government and its agencies, especially the Commission, must not allow any act of dictatorship and reckless show of power. When a Government is responsible and enjoys credibility and integrity, the people will exercise more faith in its mission.

We call on the Government to take steps to expunge the provisions of Section 839 of CAMA 2020 as it relates to religious bodies.

stephenlegal