At the dawn of this democracy, masked musician, Lagbaja, looked at the value of a million naira and asked in disbelief: “Ṣé mílíọ̀n pọ̀ tó yẹn ni?” (Is a million naira really that much?) Today, he would be speechless—perhaps even songless. Millions have become loose change; billions now circle like vultures over the carcass of a hippo washed ashore.

Some two hundred years ago, a man in Oyo-Ile boasted that no load of cotton could ever be too heavy for him to carry. The elders smiled and told him he had probably carried only a handful. It is the same with this democracy. If anyone says it is not sweet, chances are the person is not among those shopping freely in its bazaar.

Last week, the Bola Tinubu administration named the ongoing ₦16 trillion Lagos-Calabar Coastal Highway after President Bola Tinubu. It is not every day that a president has a highway named after himself by his own government while it is still under construction. As I read the queer news, one question came to mind: how many billionaires has that road already produced before carrying its first full load of traffic?

A former Accountant-General of the Federation is standing trial over an alleged ₦109.5 billion in public funds said to have found their way into his boxers. A former Minister of Power has been convicted for empowering himself with ₦33.8 billion meant for a power project.

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There are cool billions everywhere; even the temple of justice has become a thriving marketplace. This past week, a former Attorney-General of the Federation made headlines. He is facing ₦8.7 billion money laundering charges, while 57 properties valued at ₦213.2 billion are under forfeiture. A former Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria is standing trial for allegedly central-banking ₦154.39 billion into his personal purse and seasoning the haul with 753 housing units, now forfeited to the Federal Government.

The gentlemen mug-photographed with those billions are merely the fallen angels of yesterday. They are unfortunate today because they took refuge in the wrong political tent. But if a man runs away from shame and shame catches up with him; what remains is to struggle against death. That is a Yoruba proverb incompetently translated by me. It simply means, so long there is life, there is hope for the fallen. As soiled as they are today, the accused may yet be found to be saints when today goes on trial tomorrow.

Those in the dock may not be the filthiest of the lot. Just inhale the stench from the fawning, croaky courtiers garlanding the President up and down with uncompleted projects. Also, many more former-this and former-that are today sheltered beneath the protective wings of the reigning archangel. Otherwise, they too would be numbered among the thieves on the right and the thieves on the left.

Billions are the new millions. That is this democracy’s sweetest arithmetic and its biggest achievement. But our politicians know more than this mathematics; they are also keen students of poetry. They have learnt well the old English proverb, popularised by Geoffrey Chaucer: “Great oaks from little acorns grow.”

On the money tree of this democracy, the millions planted by yesterday have blossomed into today’s golden billions. Its fruits hang low for the giants in power; they remain forever beyond the reach of those outside the orchard. To them, the harvest recedes like the coy moon. We run a government of billionaires, many of whom have no shops outside the marketplace of power. Remember the popular 1980s television drama, Basi & Company, and its famous refrain: “To be a millionaire, think like a millionaire.” Today, only the crippled still dream of becoming multimillionaires. Big boys perch on the branches of billions; the biggest cannot even count the zeroes before their fortunes.

Politics is sweet and its practitioners have lived out François Rabelais’ timeless observation that “the appetite grows by what it feeds on.” The inevitable result is this Nigeria which Shakespeare foresaw in Hamlet; a country where “One woe doth tread upon another’s heel.” A nation where one calamity barely arrives before another overtakes it.

The older this democracy gets, the sweeter it becomes for those feeding on it, in and out. Those who started the race in 1999 were cautious. Those who inherited the baton became bolder. Each succeeding relay runner has broken the corruption record set by the previous one. The scorecard is written in the billions and billions in the dock above.

I told myself that this piece should have been titled “Statesmen, sycophants and the real black man” because the farther we have travelled from colonialism, the more we seem to have depreciated in the prudent management of our affairs. Do not blame me. The past acted with a measure of restraint; the present is jẹun kóokú; chop and quench; eat and die. Democratisation of misbehaviour is the sole business of the day.

Who was the teacher that taught us this nonsense? Or did it just follow us from our Maker? There was this provocative observation by the late Professor Ali A. Mazrui. I will revisit it here. Writing on Africa’s colonial experience, he posits that while colonialism was political bondage, it was also, paradoxically, “a mental liberation.” He pushes further that colonialism exposed Africans to new systems of administration, public accountability and modern statecraft, including principles of justice. One may disagree with his conclusion, but it forces us to ask uncomfortable questions about ourselves.

We have behaved worse than the foreigners who came here and enslaved us. It is not only in the matter of public plunder that we have diminished ourselves. Even in defending what is right, we have become miserly. We will not fight for others; too often, we will not even fight for ourselves.

Eshugbayi Eleko was deposed as the Eleko (Oba) of Lagos on 6 August 1925. He challenged his deposition and deportation all the way to the Privy Council and won a landmark affirmation that executive power must remain subject to the rule of law. Some of today’s traditional rulers would prefer to prostrate before presidents and governors than invoke the institutions of the state to challenge executive misconduct. What the crown does is not different from what the courtiers do.

My point is that as democracy matures here, the long years have not translated into moral and administrative maturity. We inherited offices from the founding fathers but discarded the discipline that gave those offices dignity. Obafemi Awolowo, Nnamdi Azikiwe, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa and Ahmadu Bello were all products of the colonial era. They fought the colonial state, yet they also learnt from its procedures. Among themselves, they quarrelled fiercely over ideology, but they largely respected institutions and protected the law.

They built people as they built universities, farm settlements, industrial estates, broadcasting houses, civil services and regional economies whose shadows still stretch across the land. They were ambitious for themselves, but they were even more ambitious for their people. Then came the Second Republic. Whatever their shortcomings, many of its leading actors were political apprentices of the founding generation. They had watched the old men at work. They inherited the party structures and, especially, the conviction that public office carried obligations. Reputation mattered to them. History kept and is keeping records. They knew or believed that posterity was a court before which every public official would one day stand trial.

One after another, that generation departed. With them went an entire political culture. Today, we are left with what I call the truly post-colonial political class: the real black man with his abandonment of values. We have produced leaders who are highly educated but poorly formed, politically sophisticated but morally underdeveloped. Public office has become less a public trust than a private investment from which maximum returns must be extracted before the next election.

Nearly three decades ago, Australian political scientist, Robert E. Goodin, wrote that the task of the statesman is to pursue the common good. To do that, he argued, politicians must be seen “steering by the stars”—taking their bearings from moral truths as timeless and unchanging as the stars in the night sky. We glimpsed that ideal in the years leading to independence. Then came independence, followed all too quickly by decay. Today, the stench has risen so high it competes with the very stars that were meant to guide us.

The decline is not confined to those in government. Society itself has adjusted. Citizens who should speak out now first calculate the cost in naira and kobo. Intellectuals who should question power now negotiate for appointments and positions. Patronage has replaced principle; survival has replaced conviction. To be a judge and not own a billionaire’s fortune and a mansion in Abuja is almost a sin against oneself. Religious leaders who should rebuke sin now bless it—for a price. The media that should bark too often wags its tail. When cries of injustice rend the night, many first look to see where power stands before deciding where conscience should put its feet. Silence has become a marketable, bankable commodity.

The new civic creed is painfully simple. In Yoruba street lingo: “Kànmí dà níbi òkú ìyá Àdèlé?” (What business does Kanmi have at Adele’s mother’s funeral?) In other words, if it is not my affair, let it burn. If the fire is not consuming my own roof, why worry that the neighbour’s house becomes ashes?

We have strayed too far into decay. Like miserable serfs, we either sing ‘On Your Mandate’ or squat like cats beneath the banquet table of power, patiently waiting for crumbs to fall. A nation of proud citizens has slowly become a congregation of expectant pets.

Let us destroy this temple and rebuild it. No house can be this deformed and remain standing. No walls can be this badly cracked without eventually collapsing. But what happens when the house finally falls? The roof does not ask who applauded the destroyer and who merely stood by watching the destruction. It comes down like the heavens themselves and buries everyone—without exception.

The views expressed by contributors are strictly personal and not of Law & Society Magazine.

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On 9 June, 2026, the Presidency announced: “President Bola Ahmed Tinubu has approved the establishment of a Presidential Task Force on Ebola Virus Disease Preparedness and Emerging Public Health Threats and ordered the immediate release of ₦10 billion as emergency intervention funding.” You remember that statement? Today is 20 July. Thank God there has been no Ebola outbreak. But where is the ₦10 billion? Spent? Unspent? Where is it?

A voice told me that the President and his Presidency are very straightforward in money matters. They will explain. We should not be too much in a hurry.

I watched a guest and his host discuss the scandal of the PFIPC, the popular ‘fictitious’ federal agency, on an Arise Television programme two Tuesdays ago. They agreed that there might be more than the PFIPC ghost in the Government of Nigeria.

“When you see one rat in your house, begin a thorough search,” the guest said while answering a question.

“That is true. Rats do not live alone; they live in colonies,” his host replied.

What sounded like an ordinary exchange on television carried extraordinary wisdom. If one fictitious agency could burrow its way into the machinery of government, occupy offices, receive public officials and secure a place in the federal budget, it is only sensible to ask whether there are other rats in the house.

It was that question that sent me to the website of the Budget Office of the Federation, where I got the 2,790-page 2026 budget details document. I skimmed through it again and again. This reporter was looking for more rats. And did he find any?

The 2026 Federal Government budget runs to 2,790 pages. It is a very big house, too big not to have rodents in it. Like a crime scene waiting for investigators, between its covers are provisions that challenge logic, statutory mandates and even common sense. One of the loudest exhibits is the budget of the National Board for Arabic and Islamic Studies (NBAIS). If budgets could blush, this one would.

The NBAIS is an education regulator. Its legal remit is to develop curricula, conduct examinations, certify qualifications and ensure standards in Arabic and Islamic education. Yet the Board, at its headquarters, has a personnel allocation of ₦18.05 billion in the 2026 budget. Pause there.

That personnel bill of the NBAIS exceeds the entire personnel budget of the National Examinations Council (NECO), the body that conducts nationwide examinations for millions of Nigerian children. It is more than four times the personnel allocation of the National Universities Commission (NUC), which regulates every university in the federation. It is almost ten times the personnel budget of the National Board for Technical Education (NBTE), the regulator of Nigeria’s polytechnics, monotechnics and technical colleges. It is nearly fourteen times that of the National Commission for Colleges of Education (NCCE).

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Before I am accused of peddling rumours and falsehoods, let me quickly exhibit what I saw in the budget, including the pages where I saw them:

The National Board for Arabic and Islamic Studies (NBAIS) has a personnel allocation of ₦18.05 billion (page 1601 of the 2026 budget). The National Examinations Council (NECO) has ₦15.53 billion (page 1593); Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB), ₦6.364 billion (page 1593); National Universities Commission (NUC), ₦4.216 billion (page 1821); National Library of Nigeria, ₦2.360 billion (page 1593); National Board for Technical Education (NBTE), ₦1.843 billion (page 1601); and the National Commission for Colleges of Education (NCCE), ₦1.306 billion (page 1593). The Nigerian Educational Research and Development Council (NERDC) is responsible for developing the national curriculum used by virtually every school in Nigeria. It has a personnel budget of about ₦4 billion (page 1593). NBAIS has more than four times as much.

My friend in accounting told me that, in public budgeting, personnel cost is the amount appropriated to pay the people who work for an institution. It is the agency’s payroll: the money budgeted for salaries, wages, allowances, pensions and other statutory employment benefits. That naturally raises a question. How many workers does the National Board for Arabic and Islamic Studies have in its employment to justify a personnel bill of more than ₦18 billion? How large is its establishment? How many are academics, how many are administrators, and how many are support staff?

Again, on page 1174 of the 2026 document is Project ERGP12231866. It is named “Repair of Ijebu–Remo Road in Ogun State” with an allocation of ₦70 million. The President is a Yoruba man. He knows there is no such town or community called Ijebu Remo, and there is no road so named. Ijebu Remo is a whole district of 33 towns connected by several roads. So, what is that insertion about? Can I safely suggest that the budget describes a phantom road?

And ₦70 million? At today’s cost of road construction, how many centimetres of road can that amount repair? The sum is so paltry that one wonders whether it is there to give a few hungry rodents something to nibble.

Almost from the first page to the last, many such nibble-sized allocations are sprinkled across the budget plate like crumbs deliberately dropped for the palate of miserable rats.

Strange things like the above nudge one to tell the President that he has more to investigate than the notorious Presidential Foreign Intervention Promotion Council.

One good thing that has come out of the ugly saga of the fictitious government agency is that it has forced some of us to read the budget details for the first time. I had never paid much attention to that annual ritual, attractive in figures, very ugly in implementation.

We spent the whole of the last month hunting a curious ghost haunting the Presidency of Nigeria. It is called the Presidential Foreign Intervention Promotion Council (PFIPC). Who coined that name? And what did ‘they’ think it meant? Whatever it means, what the matter is with the ghost and the ghost catchers, the whole world knows already. What is missing are the ingredients used in cooking the broth that has set their house on fire.

President Bola Tinubu has ordered an investigation. He should. But is that enough? Rats are voracious creatures, forever nibbling and gnawing, constantly eating and chewing, and hiding. We learn this in Ben Okri’s The Famished Road.

If the eyes are attentive enough, they will see the nose with all its structures. If the President would go back and read the budget he signed into law in December 2025, he might well summon Ṣàngó, the god of thunder, to come and sit in judgment.

Every budget tells a story. This one reads like a crime novel illustrated with figures. Yet the Senate would not probe questionable entries discovered in there. What is it protecting? The Senate is either afraid of its shadows or it is confident in its perfidy.

On Saturday, 11 July 2026, the Daily Trust carried a report headlined: “Mandate hijack: How 16 MDAs got N206bn for constituency projects.” Earlier, on Tuesday, 7 July, the newspaper led with: “How Almajiri Commission included Ogun, Ekiti Roads in N8.4bn Projects.”

The first paragraph of Daily Trust’s Tuesday story reads: “The National Commission for Almajiri and Out-of-School Children Education (NCAOOSCE) is facing scrutiny over the allocation of ₦8.4 billion for road infrastructure projects in Ogun, Ekiti, and Katsina states, which are outside its educational mandate. The commission has denied responsibility, blaming the National Assembly for inserting these ‘off-mandate’ constituency projects into its 2026 budget, sparking criticism that these allocations misappropriate funds for vulnerable children.”

Whatever Daily Trust uncovered is not a one-off anomaly. It points to a broader pattern in the 2026 budget. The National Board for Arabic and Islamic Studies (NBAIS), whose statutory mandate is to regulate Arabic and Islamic education, also got additional muscles to compete with the Federal Ministry of Works in building multibillion-naira roads. NBAIS is allocated funds to construct a 1.5-kilometre road in Ugwolawo, Ofu Local Government Area of Kogi State. It is also to continue the construction of Dantata Road/Saint Louis Road in Kano Central Senatorial District.

More than 2,500 years ago, the ancient Greek storyteller, Aesop, told the story of The Cat and the Mice. It begins with a simple line: “There was once a house that was overrun with mice.” I fear our budget house may have a similar problem. It suspiciously has rats in overwhelming numbers.

So, as the President is investigating one rat, he may soon discover that what confronts him is not a lone intruder but a universe of colonies of mice. If the search is thorough enough, it may also reveal that what the house requires is not just the removal of one rodent but a complete fumigation from the rafters to the basement; from the Villa to the National Assembly.

“A rat catcher has no brothers; a rat catcher is alone,” wrote Viktor Dyk about a century ago. The President can use this probe to sponge the dirt out of his government. But there will be strong resistance to such a search. Rat breeders will remind the President of the story of the farmer who burnt down his entire yam barn because he wanted to catch a mouse. If the President is not the master rodent breeder himself, he will ignore them and press on with the search. We wait to see.

The views expressed by contributors are strictly personal and not of Law & Society Magazine.

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By Sylvester Udemezue

INTRODUCTION:
The Electoral Committee of the Nigerian Bar Association (ECNBA) recently recorded what many observers have described as a significant milestone in the evolution of the Association’s electoral process by publishing, on a branch-by-branch basis, the names of all members who participated in the 2026 NBA National Elections.

The published records include each voter’s voting reference number and timestamp while deliberately redacting sensitive personal information such as telephone numbers, email addresses and Supreme Court enrolment details in compliance with applicable data privacy laws. According to the ECNBA, the initiative is intended to enhance transparency, promote confidence in the integrity of the electoral process, and enable independent verification of voter participation without compromising members’ privacy. The Committee maintained that the publication reflects its continuing commitment to conducting elections that are free, fair, credible and accountable.

THE ECNBA DESERVES APPLAUSE:
This bold initiative deserves sincere commendation. By publishing the list of those who voted, together with their voting reference numbers and timestamps while protecting confidential personal information, the ECNBA has significantly enhanced the transparency, credibility and auditability of the NBA electoral process. The published records make it possible for voting activity to be independently scrutinised and verified, thereby substantially reducing doubts about voter participation and strengthening public confidence in the integrity of the elections.

Particularly commendable is the Committee’s decision to transparently disclose that the published register was arranged in chronological order of voting and to expressly identify a test account that should be excluded from the official vote tally, thereby demonstrating an admirable commitment to openness and accountability. This represents a remarkable improvement in the administration of NBA elections and deserves the appreciation of every lawyer committed to deepening transparency, electoral integrity and institutional credibility within the Nigerian Bar Association.

TRANSPARENCY SHOULD CONTINUE TO EVOLVE:
Transparency builds trust, and trust is the currency upon which every democratic institution survives. Thus, having congratulated the ECNBA, I respectfully wish to offer what I consider the next logical reform. In future NBA National Elections, particularly the election into the office of President, the ECNBA must consider publishing not merely the total votes scored by each candidate, but also the voting pattern showing which voter voted for which candidate. I appreciate that this suggestion may initially sound controversial. Indeed, many lawyers instinctively equate every election with secret balloting. Yet that assumption deserves closer examination.

ELECTIONS ARE NOT ALL THE SAME; THE NBA IS NOT A SOVEREIGN STATE NBA:
There is an important distinction between governmental political elections and elections conducted by a professional association. The NBA is a voluntary professional association governed by its Constitution and by rules made by its members. Accordingly, the NBA possesses considerable latitude to determine the level of transparency appropriate for its internal democratic processes, provided members are informed in advance and the rules are applied equally. If members know beforehand that votes in presidential elections will be open rather than secret, each voter simply casts his or her vote with that understanding. There is nothing inherently undemocratic about an open ballot if the governing rules clearly provide for it.

ACCOUNTABILITY IS A DEMOCRATIC VALUE:
Leadership is about accountability. Voting is also an exercise of responsibility. Those who seek to determine who leads over 200,000 Nigerian lawyers should ordinarily have no difficulty standing publicly behind their choices. An open voting record would produce several institutional benefits. First, it would discourage allegations of manipulation because every vote could be independently verified. Second, it would eliminate endless speculation after each round of NBA elections. Third, it would deepen confidence in the announced results. Fourth, it would make the electoral process almost completely auditable.

TRANSPARENCY AND PRIVACY CAN COEXIST:
I fully acknowledge that the ECNBA’s current electronic voting framework places strong emphasis on ballot secrecy and assures members that individual voting choices are inaccessible to ECNBA officials and third parties. That assurance is appropriate under the present rules. My suggestion is therefore not a criticism of the existing system. Rather, it is a proposal for future constitutional and policy consideration. If the NBA, after wide consultation, concludes that greater openness better serves institutional accountability (and I respectfully suggest it perfectly does, especially considering the current state of affairs in the profession), rules can be amended accordingly. Professional bodies around the world continually refine their electoral systems as institutional needs evolve.

LESSONS FROM OTHER ORGANISATIONS:
Interestingly, transparency in voting is not unknown elsewhere. For example, the American National Basketball Association publicly releases not only award voting totals but also the individual ballots submitted by each media voter, allowing the public to know exactly how every voter voted. That model demonstrates that openness can coexist with credibility and public confidence where the governing framework so provides. The NBA can study such practices and determine whether similar transparency would strengthen confidence in its own elections.

A PROPOSAL WORTH DEBATING:
This recommendation is not intended to favour any candidate or any political tendency within the Nigerian Bar Association. It is offered purely in the interest of institutional development. Great institutions grow because they are willing to interrogate existing practices and improve upon them. Whether the NBA ultimately retains secret balloting or adopts a more transparent model should emerge from robust constitutional debate, informed consultation and collective wisdom. What is most important is that the conversation should begin to take take place.

CONCLUSION:
The ECNBA has taken a significant step by publishing comprehensive voting participation records. That initiative deserves the appreciation of every lawyer committed to electoral integrity. My respectful recommendation is that the leadership of the Nigerian Bar Association should now begin a thoughtful conversation on whether future presidential elections would not be even more transparent and credible if members could also know how votes were cast. Democracy flourishes where transparency, accountability and trust reinforce one another.

The Nigerian Bar Association has always aspired to lead by example. Its electoral processes should continue to reflect that aspiration. Meanwhile, there is no denying that the NBA is currently facing very tough times. Such tought times demand tough measures. If those measures are what it takes to reform and strengthen the NBA’s electoral system, restore its integrity, and rebuild the confidence of all stakeholders, then so be it. As the timeless legal maxim reminds us: Fiat justitia, ruat caelum: Let justice be done, though the heavens fall.

Respectfully,
Sylvester Udemezue (Udems)
Proctor,
The Reality Ministry of Truth, Law and Justice (TRM)
08021365545.
[email protected]
(20 July 2026)

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